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LAPAR DAN HAUS AKAN DEMOKRATISASI? GERAKAN PERJUANGAN PARTISISPASI RAKYAT SIPIL DALAM POLITIK
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| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Fenomena |
| Volume / Edisi | : | V/- (No. 0) |
| Halaman | : | 21-33 |
| Abstrak | : | - |
SEMAR DAN PAHAM KEKUASAAN JAWA
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Fenomena |
| Volume / Edisi | : | V/- (No. 0) |
| Halaman | : | 13-20 |
| Abstrak | : | - |
PENGARUH BUDAYA JAWA DALAM PERILAKU POLITIK DI INDONESIA: PERANAN KRITIK
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Fenomena |
| Volume / Edisi | : | V/- (No. 0) |
| Halaman | : | 2-12 |
| Abstrak | : | - |
Quantitative critical thinking: Student activities using Bayesian updating
| Pengarang | : | Aaron R. Warren |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 86 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 368-380 |
| Abstrak | : | One of the central roles of physics education is the development of students' ability to evaluate proposed hypotheses and models. This ability is important not just for students' understanding of physics but also to prepare students for future learning beyond physics. In particular, it is often hoped that students will better understand the manner in which physicists leverage the availability of prior knowledge to guide and constrain the construction of new knowledge. Here, we discuss how the use of Bayes' Theorem to update the estimated likelihood of hypotheses and models can help achieve these educational goals through its integration with evaluative activities that use hypothetico-deductive reasoning. Several types of classroom and laboratory activities are presented that engage students in the practice of Bayesian likelihood updating on the basis of either consistency with experimental data or consistency with pre-established principles and models. This approach is sufficiently simple for introductory physics students while offering a robust mechanism to guide relatively sophisticated student reflection concerning models, hypotheses, and problem-solutions. A quasi-experimental study utilizing algebra-based introductory courses is presented to assess the impact of these activities on student epistemological development. The results indicate gains on the Epistemological Beliefs Assessment for Physical Science (EBAPS) at a minimal cost of class-time. |
Building an adiabatic quantum computer simulation in the classroom
| Pengarang | : | Silvia N. Santalla |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 86 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 360-367 |
| Abstrak | : | We present a didactic introduction to adiabatic quantum computation (AQC) via the explicit construction of a classical simulator of quantum computers. This constitutes a suitable route to introduce several important concepts for advanced undergraduates in physics: quantum many-body systems, quantum phase transitions, disordered systems, spin-glasses, and computational complexity theory. |
Relativistic jets: An astrophysical laboratory for the Doppler effect
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 86 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 354-359 |
| Abstrak | : | Special Relativity is one of the most abstract courses in the standard curriculum for physics majors, and therefore practical applications or laboratory exercises are particularly valuable for providing real-world experiences with this subject. This course poses a challenge for lab development because relativistic effects manifest themselves only at speeds close to the speed of light. The laboratory described in this paper constitutes a low-cost, low-barrier exercise suitable for students whose only background is the standard mechanics-plus-electromagnetism sequence. The activity uses research-quality astronomical data on SS433—a fascinating Galactic X-ray binary consisting of a compact object (a neutron star or a black hole) and a normal star. A pair of moderately relativistic jets moving with in opposite directions emanate from the vicinity of the compact object and are clearly detected in optical and radio observations. Following step-by-step instructions, students develop a full kinematic model of a complex real-world source, use the model to fit the observational data, obtain best-fit parameters, and understand the limitations of the model. The observations are in exquisite agreement with the Doppler effect equations of Special Relativity. The complete lab manual, the dataset and the solutions are available in online supplemental materials; this paper presents the scientific and pedagogical background for the exercise. |
Reversible and irreversible heat engine and refrigerator cycles
| Pengarang | : | |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 86 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 344-353 |
| Abstrak | : | Although no reversible thermodynamic cycles exist in nature, nearly all cycles covered in textbooks are reversible. This is a review, clarification, and extension of results and concepts for quasistatic, reversible and irreversible processes and cycles, intended primarily for teachers and students. Distinctions between the latter process types are explained, with emphasis on clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) cycles. Specific examples of each are examined, including Carnot, Kelvin and Stirling cycles. For the Stirling cycle, potentially useful task-specific efficiency measures are proposed and illustrated. Whether a cycle behaves as a traditional refrigerator or heat engine can depend on whether it is reversible or irreversible. Reversible and irreversible-quasistatic CW cycles both satisfy Carnot's inequality for thermal efficiency, ηη?. Irreversible CCW cycles with two reservoirs satisfy the coefficient of performance inequality ?. However, an arbitrary reversible cycle satisfies when compared with a reversible Carnot cycle operating between its maximum and minimum temperatures, a potentially counterintuitive result. |
The flight of Newton's cannonball
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 86 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 338-343 |
| Abstrak | : | Newton's Cannon is a thought experiment used to motivate orbital motion. Cannonballs were fired from a high mountain at increasing muzzle velocity until they orbit the Earth. We will use the trajectories of these cannonballs to describe the shape of orbital tunnels that allow a cannonball fired from a high mountain to pass through the Earth. A sphere of constant density is used as the model of the Earth to take advantage of the analytic solutions for the interior trajectories that exist for that model. For the example shown, the cannonball trajectories that pass through the Earth intersect near the antipodal point of the cannon. |
Exploring extra dimensions with scalar fields
| Pengarang | : | Katherine Brown |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 86 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 32-337 |
| Abstrak | : | This paper provides a pedagogical introduction to the physics of extra dimensions by examining the behavior of scalar fields in three landmark models: the ADD, Randall-Sundrum, and DGP spacetimes. Results of this analysis provide qualitative insights into the corresponding behavior of gravitational fields and elementary particles in each of these models. In these “brane world” models, the familiar four dimensional spacetime of everyday experience is called the brane and is a slice through a higher dimensional spacetime called the bulk. The particles and fields of the standard model are assumed to be confined to the brane, while gravitational fields are assumed to propagate in the bulk. For all three spacetimes, we calculate the spectrum of propagating scalar wave modes and the scalar field produced by a static point source located on the brane. For the ADD and Randall-Sundrum models, at large distances, the field looks like that of a point source in four spacetime dimensions, but at short distances, it crosses over to a form appropriate to the higher dimensional spacetime. For the DGP model, the field has the higher dimensional form at long distances rather than short. The behavior of these scalar fields, derived using only undergraduate level mathematics, closely mirror the results that one would obtain by performing the far more difficult task of analyzing the behavior of gravitational fields in these spacetimes. |
Teachers’ Content Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practice after a Project-Based Professional Development Program with Ultrasound Scanning
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Science Teacher Education |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 31 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 311-334 |
| Abstrak | : | This research investigated 20 middle and high school teachers’ use of project-based learning curriculum after engaging in a 115-hour pro fessional development program that was developed collaboratively with medical school and education faculty. The project-based learn ing (PBL) unit centered on the case of Marcus Brown (a pseudonym), a high school football player, who collapsed suddenly while playing football. The teachers engaged in scientific investigations, including ultrasound investigations of standard patients’ internal anatomy, and research into various inherited cardiovascular diseases to determine a final diagnosis for Marcus. The teachers, using this PBL as a model, developed and taught their own project-based learning unit to their students during the following year. Through pre and post-program interviews, classroom observations, and content assessments, our results show that the teachers improved their content knowledge and quality of inquiry-based instruction over the program. The tea chers also modified their instructional beliefs to align with more reform-based beliefs about student learning and teaching. Our ana lysis of teacher interviews provides insights into the elements of PBL instruction that teachers struggle with implementing. This study also provides insight into the value of using ultrasound scanning technol ogy with K-12 teachers and students. These findings can improve professional development targeting the integration of NGSS scientific and engineering practices and disciplinary core ideas (content). |