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Enriching developmental science from the Global South: Contributions from Latin America.
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| Pengarang | : | Judith L. Gibbons |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 735-747 |
| Abstrak | : | Knowledge from the Global South, including Latin America, has enriched our understanding of developmental science. Despite underrepresentation in the published literature, research from Latin America has advanced the psychology of parenting and child and adolescent development. An ecological approach is valuable in adding meaning and specificity to general cultural clusters and has revealed how responsibility, lovingness, and respect are enacted in the everyday lives of families and children. Although the evidence is not exclusive to the Global South, research from Latin America has broadened and challenged theories and accepted practices from the Global North. Examples include countering attachment theory with respect to multiple caregivers and sensitive responsiveness and problematization of children’s work in terms of family responsibilities. Research from Latin America has also challenged the notion of optimal parenting styles and revealed how the cultural values of familism and respect are evidenced in the daily practices of parents and children. Latin America boasts a psychology that acknowledges the importance of the political and social context and seeks to apply psychology to addressing social problems. To fully recognize and take advantage of knowledge from the Global South, the science of psychology should refrain from promoting “best practices” and sidelining research from Latin America and other regions of the majority world; it needs to fully document autochthonous parental ethnotheories, socialization goals, and practices and promote the implementation of the goals of local communities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Fear, defense, and emotion: A neuroethological understanding of the negative valence research domain criteria.
| Pengarang | : | Fanselow, Michael S.; Hoffman, Ann N. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 725-734 |
| Abstrak | : | We describe the close correspondence between predatory imminence continuum theory (PICT) and the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) for negative valence. RDoC’s negative valence constructs relate aversively motivated behavioral reactions to various levels of threat. PICT divides defensive responses into distinct modes that vary along a continuum of the psychological closeness of predatory threat. While there is a close correspondence between PICT modes and negative valence threat constructs, based on PICT, we describe some potential elaborations of RDoC constructs. Both have consonant views of fear and anxiety and provide explicit distinctions between these emotional states, relating them to specific defensive behaviors and functions. We describe recent data that causally implicate human subjective emotional states with amygdala activity, which is also critical for defensive behavior. We conclude that attention to neuroethological views of defense can advance our understanding of the etiology and treatment of anxiety and stress disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Shifting the gaze from racism to healing from racism: A systematic review of selected psychology journals from 1992 to 2022.
| Pengarang | : | Neville, Helen A.; Monette, Mahogany; Lewis, Jarrett T.; Safir, Salman. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 706-724 |
| Abstrak | : | Using a decolonial approach, we provided a narrative review of the research on racism in psychology and conducted a systematic review of the top five psychology journals publishing research on racism and mental health to identify trends in racism research over time and the research gaps. We examined 372 articles on racism published between 1992 and 2022: American Psychologist, Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, Journal of Black Psychology, Journal of Counseling Psychology, and The Counseling Psychologist. Based on our review, we found that published research examining racism has steadily increased over the past 3 decades, with the greatest spikes in 2021 and 2022. The largest increase was in studies focused on People of Color’s experiences with racism. The overwhelming majority of the articles were empirical (86.3%) and most of these studies (87.5%) employed cross-sectional designs. We identified corollary topics by racial/ethnic group, prevalent research designs, and the emergence of strength-based and healing approaches to address racism’s impact. There were general racial and ethnic differences in trends, with research on various People of Color groups focused on the harmful effects of racism and research on White populations focused on Whiteness and level of awareness of racism. We conclude with recommendations to enhance the content and methodological rigor of future research while also suggesting policy implications to support advancements in this critical area of study. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
APF Charles l. Brewer Award for Distinguished Teaching of Psychology: Viji Sathy.
| Pengarang | : | Djiwandono Soedradjad .J |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 703-705 |
| Abstrak | : | The APF Gold Medal for Impact in Psychology recognizes Viji Sathy for her dedication to inclusive teaching practices, promoting diversity and equity in classrooms and higher education. Dr. Sathy has continually pushed the boundaries of student learning experiences. Her innovative teaching methods, including flipped classrooms and makerspace courses, have transformed learning environments and ensured that every student feels empowered. Dr. Sathy’s advocacy for diversity and inclusion spans globally. Her efforts as a workshop facilitator and keynote speaker at over 100 institutions worldwide have left a mark on the global discourse surrounding inclusive education. Her contributions to initiatives like the Chancellor’s Science Scholars program and the development of the MCAD dashboard underscore her commitment to fostering a more inclusive academic landscape. Dr. Sathy’s passion will continue to inspire educators to prioritize inclusivity in teaching and learning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
APF Gold Medal Award for Impact in Psychology: Jennifer Joy Freyd.
| Pengarang | : | Jennifer Joy Freyd |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 700-702 |
| Abstrak | : | The APF Gold Medal for Impact in Psychology recognizes Jennifer Joy Freyd for her trailblazing research and advocacy, which has reshaped the understanding of trauma, betrayal, and responses to sexual violence. Her theory of betrayal trauma challenged prevailing assumptions, particularly regarding survivors of child sexual abuse. Dr. Freyd’s resilience and commitment to justice have inspired countless individuals worldwide and influenced therapeutic approaches, policy reforms, and societal attitudes toward trauma and gender-based violence. Dr. Freyd has also served as a prominent figure in significant social movements that empower victims, such as #MeToo. Through initiatives like the Center for Institutional Courage, she continues to advocate for survivors’ rights and promote ethical research practices, aiming for a more equitable society where survivors find validation and healing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
APF Gold Medal Award for Impact in Psychology: Shinobu Kitayama.
| Pengarang | : | Shinobu Kitayama |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 697-699 |
| Abstrak | : | The APF Gold Medal for Impact in Psychology recognizes Shinobu Kitayama for his groundbreaking research in cultural psychology and neuroscience. Kitayama has significantly advanced the understanding of the self, psychological and neural processes, and culture. His pioneering work challenges conventional assumptions of universal cognition, revealing how culture intricately shapes the brain, behavior, and well-being. Dr. Kitayama’s contributions extend beyond academia, emphasizing the significance of cultural congruence and competence in diverse realms, including international aid programs, health care, and responses to public health crises. He has opened new avenues for understanding human cognition and behavior and underscored the importance of cultural competence in addressing contemporary challenges. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Lessons from decolonial and liberation psychologies for the field of trauma psychology.
| Pengarang | : | Thema Bryant |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 5) |
| Halaman | : | 683-696 |
| Abstrak | : | Trauma, ranging from interpersonal to intergenerational, can create severe dysregulation and psychic suffering. Trauma may disrupt the nervous system, identity, affect regulation, and relationship schemas. Traumatic events can also disconnect survivors from the various aspects of themselves as well as their community. As a trauma survivor and trauma psychologist, I have dedicated my career to exploring ways of restoring and healing those severed connections. Exploring decolonial and liberation psychologies awakened me to conceptualizations and frameworks that center reclamation as a form of holistic healing and empowerment for trauma survivors. While much of the individually centered trauma literature focuses on skills-based psychoeducation and cognitive behavioral coping strategies, there has traditionally been less, although growing, attention paid to the diverse culturally grounded, sociopolitical pathways for survivors to reclaim themselves. In this article, I explore my scholarship and the scholarship of other underrepresented scholars as we discuss decolonial and liberation psychologies, the pathways they illuminate that can benefit the trauma recovery process, especially for marginalized survivors, and their implications for practice, training/teaching, research, and policy. The trauma and healing-informed decolonial and liberation pathways that emerge from the literature are culture as medicine, community support, spirituality and religiosity, expressive arts, and resistance. This article argues that the field would benefit from a more inclusive view of trauma and trauma recovery if it incorporates, builds on, explores, and learns from the scholarship of decolonial and liberation psychologists and traditional cultural healers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Preserving privacy in the era of openness: Commentary on open science requirements for identifiable data in psychological science journals
| Pengarang | : | Ruben, Mollie A.; Stosic, Morgan D |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 463-465 |
| Abstrak | : | Psychological science journals are increasingly adopting open science (OS) policies (e.g., Transparency and Openness Promotion) requiring researchers to make all data and materials publicly available in an effort to drive research toward greater transparency and accessibility. These policies certainly have many benefits to the scientific community and public in helping ensure the quality of published research. However, the Center for Open Science has not offered any explicit guidelines regarding when exceptions to OS policies should be made, with only vague guidelines offered such as “when ethical or legal constraints prevent it.” We argue that these ambiguous policies may create bias in decisions made by journal editors as to whom and what type of research is granted exceptions. When journals are too rigid in their exception policies, this may unintentionally contradict OS’s goals to create a more valid and ethical science. We argue that journals should never mandate identifiable data to be posted publicly as a publication prerequisite. Maintaining participant anonymity should always come before OS policies to (a) align with psychologists’ primary obligation of maintaining participant confidentiality, (b) encourage participation from the broader population and more specifically from marginalized communities, and (c) maintain unbiased, representative, and valid data. From empirical and ethical insights, we offer several solutions to ease the tensions between OS and participant privacy during the data collection and publication process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Replicating and extending Sengupta et al. (2023): Contact predicts no within-person longitudinal outgroup-bias change
| Pengarang | : | |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 451-462 |
| Abstrak | : | Intergroup contact has long been touted as a premier means to reduce prejudice and forge positive bonds with outgroups. Given its origins in psychological research, it is perhaps of little surprise that contact is expected to induce change within people over time. Yet using random-intercepts crossed-lagged modeling that parses within-person from between-person effects, Sengupta et al. (2023) recently found no evidence of within-person change, only unexplained between-person effects, regarding contact’s effects on outgroup solidarity in New Zealand. We conceptually replicated their study, focusing on modern racism and an affect thermometer as the outcomes, in a three-wave study of White British participants (NT1 = 946, NT2 = 667, NT3 = 591) and their attitudes toward foreigners. We replicated the general pattern described by Sengupta and colleagues, confirming between-person effects without within-person effects, suggestive of third-variable explanations. As a novel finding, we discover that differences in social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) can account for the observed between-person effects. Problematically for contact theory, contact effects, at least those relying on self-reported accounts, increasingly appear to reflect differences between people (person factors) rather than being context-driven (situation factors)—such that those lower (vs. higher) in SDO and RWA are more favorable toward outgroups, rather than intergroup contact bringing about positive outcomes itself. Implications for theory development and intervention are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Increased functional connectivity between the midbrain and frontal cortex following bright light therapy in subthreshold depression: A randomized clinical trial
| Pengarang | : | Chen, Guanmao; Chen, Pan; Yang, Zibin; Ma, Wenhao; Yan, Hong; Su, Ting; Zhang, Yuan; Qi, Zhangzhang; Fang, Wenjie; Jiang, Lijun; Chen, Zhuoming; Tao, Qian; Wang, Ying. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 437-450 |
| Abstrak | : | The underlying mechanisms of bright light therapy (BLT) in the prevention of individuals with subthreshold depression symptoms are yet to be elucidated. The goal of the study was to assess the correlation between midbrain monoamine-producing nuclei treatment-related functional connectivity (FC) changes and depressive symptom improvements in subthreshold depression. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted between March 2020 and June 2022. A total of 74 young adults with subthreshold depression were randomly assigned to receive 8-week BLT (N = 38) or placebo (N = 36). Depression severity was measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and after treatment. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and habenula seed-based whole-brain FC were analyzed. A multivariate regression model examined whether baseline brain FC was associated with changes in scores on HDRS during BLT treatment. BLT group displayed significantly decreased HDRS scores from pre- to posttreatment compared to the placebo group. BLT increased the FC between the DRN and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and between the left VTA and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). Altered VTA–SFG connectivity was associated with HDRS changes in the BLT group. Moreover, the baseline FC between DRN and mPFC could predict HDRS changes in BLT. These results suggested that BLT improves depressive symptoms and increases midbrain monoamine-producing nuclei and frontal cortex connectivity in subthreshold depression, which raises the possibility that pretreatment FC of DRN–mPFC could be used as a biomarker for improved BLT treatment in depression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |