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To read or not to read Motives for reading negative COVID-19 news.
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| Pengarang | : | Niehoff, Esther; Mittenbühler, Maximilian; Oosterwijk, Suzanne. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 254-267 |
| Abstrak | : | People were confronted with a barrage of negative news during the COVID-19 crisis. This study investigated how anticipated psychological impact predicted decisions to read personalized and factual COVID-19 news. First, participants chose, based on headlines, whether they wanted to read news articles (or not). Then, all headlines were rated on a set of motivational dimensions. In order to test confirmatory hypotheses, the data were divided into an exploration (n = 398) and validation data set (n = 399). Using multilevel modeling, we found robust support for four preregistered hypotheses: Choice for negative COVID-19 news was positively predicted by (a) personal versus factual news; (b) the anticipated amount of knowledge acquisition; (c) the anticipated relevance to one’s own personal situation; and (d) participant’s sense of moral duty. Moreover, exploratory findings suggested a positive relationship between headline choice and anticipated compassion, a negative relationship with anticipated inappropriateness and gratitude, and a quadratic relationship with anticipated strength of feelings. These results support the idea that negative content offers informational value, both in terms of understanding negative events and in terms of preparing for these events. Furthermore, engagement with negative content can be motivated by moral values. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved) |
Tokoh-Tokoh Binatang Pada Masa berkembangnya Tradisi Megalitik di Indonesia
| Pengarang | : | Haris Sukendar |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Ilmu dan Budaya |
| Volume / Edisi | : | X-2, NOVEMBER (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 149-160 |
| Abstrak | : | - |
Resilience of racial and ethnic minority older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of a prior disability prevention intervention.
| Pengarang | : | Sánchez González, Mayra L.; Cruz-Gonzalez, Mario; Falgas-Bague, Irene; Markle, Sheri L.; Alegría, Margarita. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 241-253 |
| Abstrak | : | Older adults from racially and ethnically diverse backgrounds and with preexisting mental illness have been disproportionately vulnerable to severe illness, disability, and death due to the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a sample of older adults (60 +; N = 307) from a randomized clinical trial (Positive Minds–Strong Bodies [PMSB]) conducted between May 25, 2015, and March 5, 2019. Participants were recontacted to assess symptoms of anxiety, depression, general distress, and physical functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic between March 2, 2021, and July 18, 2022 (62.7% recontacting rate excluding ineligible participants; N = 165). We estimated an analysis of covariance model to evaluate whether or not prior differences between the PMSB intervention and enhanced usual care (EUC) groups continued to be observed at the COVID-19 follow-up. Results showed that, compared to EUC, participants who received the PMSB intervention reported fewer depression symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale–15 scores) and greater physical functioning (Late-Life Functioning and Disability Instrument scores) at the COVID-19 follow-up. No significant differences were observed between the PMSB intervention and EUC groups on anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7 scores) during the pandemic. Last, findings suggested that the lower depression symptoms and greater physical functioning observed after treatment completion were sustained, though not further improved, over time. These findings provide evidence that the PMSB intervention is a powerful intervention to promote resilience and prevent disability associated with major life stressors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms of psychosocial and exercise training interventions that lead to lasting resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Kerusakan Atap Daun-Daunan Sesudah Penyemprotan DDT
| Pengarang | : | I.G. Seregeg |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Ilmu dan Budaya |
| Volume / Edisi | : | X-2, NOVEMBER (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 145-148 |
| Abstrak | : | - |
Are changes in marital satisfaction sustained and steady, or sporadic and dramatic
| Pengarang | : | Hasugian, Jonner |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 225-240 |
| Abstrak | : | Although prominent theories of intimate relationships, and couples themselves, often conceive of relationships as fluctuating widely in their degree of closeness, longitudinal studies generally describe partners’ satisfaction as stable and continuous or as steadily declining over time. The increasing use of group-based trajectory models (GBTMs) to identify distinct classes of change has reinforced this characterization, but these models fail to account for individual differences within classes and within-person variability across classes and may thus misrepresent how couples’ satisfaction changes. The goal of the current analyses was to determine whether accounting for these additional sources of variance through growth mixture models (GMMs) alters characterizations of satisfaction changes over time. Applied to longitudinal data from 12 independent studies of first-married couples (combined N = 1,249 couples), GMMs that allowed for class-specific individual differences and within-person variability fit the data better than the GBTMs that constrained these to be equal across classes. Most notably, considerable within-person variability was evident within each class, consistent with the idea that spouses do indeed fluctuate in their satisfaction. Spouses who dissolved their marriages were 3.8–5.7 times more likely to be in classes characterized by greater volatility in satisfaction. Because the early years of marriage appear to be characterized by within-person fluctuations in satisfaction, time-varying correlates of these fluctuations are likely to be at least as important as time-invariant correlates in explaining why some marriages thrive where others falter. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Pengembangan Masyarakat Sebuah "Ideologi" yang Sedang di Uji
| Pengarang | : | Mohamad Sobary |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Ilmu dan Budaya |
| Volume / Edisi | : | X-2, NOVEMBER (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 137-144 |
| Abstrak | : | - |
Peranan Pelajar Pejuang Kemerdekaan
| Pengarang | : | Slamet Saubary |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Ilmu dan Budaya |
| Volume / Edisi | : | X-2, NOVEMBER (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 129-136 |
| Abstrak | : | - |
Atypical child–parent neural synchrony is linked to negative family emotional climate and children’s psychopathological symptoms.
| Pengarang | : | |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 210-224 |
| Abstrak | : | [Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 79(2) of American Psychologist (see record 2024-62662-005). In the article, “Atypical Child–Parent Neural Synchrony Is Linked to Negative Family Emotional Climate and Children’s Psychopathological Symptoms,” by Haowen Su, Christina B. Young, Zhuo Rachel Han, Jianjie Xu, Bingsen Xiong, Zisen Zhou, Jingyi Wang, Lei Hao, Zhi Yang, Gang Chen, and Shaozheng Qin (American Psychologist, 2024, Vol. 79, No. 2, pp. 210–224, https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001173), Figure 2 and its caption were corrected to fix a mismatch between the r coefficients and scatterplots. The caption was changed to “(c) Child–parent vmPFC activity concordance was marginally significantly lower for boundary than nonboundary time series (Z = −1.39, p = .08). (d) Child–parent hippocampal activity concordance was significantly higher for boundary than nonboundary event time series (Z = 2.30, p = .01).” In addition, in the second sentence of the second paragraph of the “Reduced Child–Parent vmPFC Connectivity With the Hippocampus Links to Negative Family Emotional Climate and Children’s Internalizing Symptoms” section, “anxious/depressed” and “internalizing” were switched. All versions of this article have been corrected.] Family emotional climate is fundamental to children’s well-being and mental health. Family environments filled with negative emotions may lead to increased psychopathological symptoms in the child through dysfunctional child–parent interactions. Single-brain paradigms have uncovered changes in brain systems and networks related to negative family environments, but how the neurobiological reciprocity between child and parent brains is associated with children’s psychopathological symptoms remains unknown. Here, we first investigated the relation between family emotional climate and children’s psychopathological symptoms in 395 child–parent dyads. Using a naturalistic movie-watching functional magnetic resonance imaging technique in a subsample of 50 child–parent dyads, we further investigated the neurobiological underpinnings of how family emotional climates are associated with children’s psychopathological symptoms through child–parent neural synchrony. Children from negative family emotional climate experienced significantly more severe psychopathological symptoms. In comparison to child–stranger dyads, child–parent dyads exhibited higher intersubject correlations in the dorsal and ventral portions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and greater concordance of activity with widespread regions critical for socioemotional skills. Critically, negative family emotional climate was associated with decreased intersubject functional correlation between the ventral-mPFC and the hippocampus during movie watching in child–parent dyads, which further accounted for higher children’s internalizing symptoms. Together, our findings provide insights into the neurobiological mechanisms that negative family environments can cause and maintain psychopathological symptoms in children through atypical child–parent neural synchrony. This has important implications for a better understanding of how child–parent connections may mediate the relation between environmental risks and developmental outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Interventions in everyday life to improve mental health and reduce symptoms of psychiatric disorders.
| Pengarang | : | |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 185-209 |
| Abstrak | : | The high prevalence rates of mental disorders worldwide and the paucity of services constitute a mental health crisis. The vast majority of people in low-, middle-, and high-income countries do not receive any intervention for their symptoms of mental disorders, despite enormous advances in developing evidence-based psychosocial treatments and medications. The article proposes greater utilization of interventions in everyday life as an addition to the more traditional and commonly used mental-health interventions. The article delineates criteria to help identify what such interventions ought to include to permit accessibility, scalability, and reach to special populations. Physical activity, contact with nature, and yoga are examples to illustrate the class of everyday interventions that have evidence attesting to their impact on mental health and symptoms of psychopathology. The challenge is to integrate such interventions in mental health practices to better promote these at the population level and to monitor the impact. Many components of what is needed are in place but are not coordinated in an effective way to have widespread impact on mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |
Developing process sensitivity: Reply to Wilcox (2024) and Boswell (2024).
| Pengarang | : | Henny A. Westra and Alyssa A. Di Bartolomeo |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Psychologist |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 79 (No. 2) |
| Halaman | : | 182-184 |
| Abstrak | : | Wilcox (2024) and Boswell (2024) make a number of important observations about facilitating process sensitivity training, and here, we respond to those suggestions. We postulate that cultivating process sensitivity is complementary, not antithetical, to traditional training in viewing therapy from a theoretical lens, and thus, can serve to enhance, rather than replace one’s existing psychotherapy skills. Moreover, we argue that seeing the impact of process adjustments in real time can be a significant motivator for training in process sensitivity since the benefits are more immediately obvious. We further argue that the field can be more thoughtful about the use of simulations in training and the emerging interactive training platforms using video stimuli, since they facilitate exposure to clinical situations in a safe manner. Finally, while learning to identify process markers can play a valuable role in optimizing the timing of interventions, we argue that this pales in comparison to the value of process sensitization as a means of attending to outcome information in the moment (“little outcome”). If successful, this opens up the possibility of developing expertise in psychotherapy, which hitherto was considered not possible. However, these propositions require rigorous testing in studies on training and supervision. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) |