| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 164-172 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In the backbone network, the high level of traffic aggregation achieved by numerous users is efficiently served by means of optical circuit switched solutions--the so-called wavelength routing approach. In the access and metro networks, on the contrary, the reduced level of traffic aggregation makes wavelength routing solutions inadequate. The finer and more dynamic bandwidth allocation provided by packet-interleaved optical time-division multiplexing is thus advocated in these network areas. This article presents a survey of an OTDM approach, known as photonic slot routing, or PSR for short. It will be illustrated how this approach may provide a cost-effective solution to deploying all-optical access and metro networks with today`s technology. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 149-155 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | We introduce the nation of a network on a chip: a programmable asynchronous VLSI architecture for fast and efficient simulation of wireless networks. The approach is inspired by the remarkable similarity between networks and asynchronous VLSI. Our approach results in simulators that can evaluate network scenarios much faster than real time, enabling a new class of network protocols that can dynamically change their behavior based on feedback from in situ simulation. We describe our simulation architecture, and present results that validate our approach. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 132-138 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In this article we propose a framework for multipath routing in mobile ad hoc networks and provide its analytical evaluation. The instability of the topology (e.g.,failure of links) in these types of networks, due to nodal mobility and changes in wireless propagation conditions, makes transmission of time-sensitive information a challenging problem. To combat this inherent unreliability of these networks, we propose a routing scheme that uses multiple paths simultaneously by splitting the information among the multitude of paths, to increase the probability that the essential portion of the information is received at the destination without incurring excessive delay. Our scheme works by adding some overhead to each packet, which is calculated as a linear function of the original packet bits. The resulting packet (information and overhead) is fragmented into smaller blocks and distributed over the available paths. Our goal is, given the failure probabilities of the paths, to find the optimal way to fragment and then distribute the block to the paths so that the probability of reconstructing the original information at the destination is maximized. Our algorithms has low time complexity, which is crucial since the path failure characteristics vary with time and the optimal block distribution has to be recalculated in real time. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 108-112 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Recently, there has been considerable interest in the idea of cross-layer design of wireless networks. This is motivated by the need to provide a greater level of adaptivity to variations of wireless channels. This article examines one aspect of the interaction between the physical and medium access control layers. In particular, we consider the impact of signal processing techniques that enable multipacket reception on the throughput and design of random access protocols. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 158-163 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Leveraging MEMS`s inherent advantages such as batch fabrication technique, small size, integratability, and scalability, MEMS is positioned to become the dominant technology in optical crossconnect switches. MEMS optical switches with complex movable 3D mechanical structures, micro-actuators, and micro-optics can be monolithically integrated on the same substrate by using the matured fabrication process of the integrated circuit industry. In this article we report various popular actuating mechanisms and switch architectures of MEMS optical switches. The basics of surface and bulk micromachining techniques used to fabricate MEMS devices will be reviewed. Examples of 2D and 3D approaches to MEMS optical switches will be described. The pros and cons of the two approaches will be analyzed. In the short term, MEMS-based optical switches seem to have captivated the attention of both the industry and academia. However, there are challenges that threaten the long-term survival of this technology. The problems that remain to be fully addressed will be discussed. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 98-104 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The design of a large-scale wireless LAN poses a number of interesting questions. Building the Wireless Andrew network at Carnegie Mellon University has given us the opportunity to deal with these questions. This article describes the approaches we have developed for the design of similar networks. A large-scale wireless LAN must be designed so that all of the target space has radio coverage (i.e., there are no coverage gaps). It must also be designed so that its capacity is adequate to carry the expected load. These requirements generally can be met by using the proper combination of access point locations, frequency assignments, and receiver threshold settings. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 64-73 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This article considers the recently successful IEEE 802.11b standard for high-performance wireless Ethernet and a proposed extension that provides for 22 Mb/s transmission. The IEEE 802.11 sets standards for wireless Ethernet or wireless local area networks. The article describes the history of the IEEE 802.11 standards and the market opportunities in the wireless Ethernet field. The article gives a brief description of the media access control layer and then presents details about the physical layer methods, including coding descriptions and performance evaluations. The article also discusses the role and limitations of spread spectrum communications in wireless Ethernet. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 126-131 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Game theory provides a wealth of tools that can be applied to the design and operation of communications systems. In this article, we provide a brief introduction to game theory. We then present applications of game theory to problems in random access and power control. In the case of random access, we examine the behavior of selfish users in simplified Aloha system; surprisingly, rational selfish users do not implement the "always transmit" strategy that one might expect. In the case of power control, we show that game theoretic techniques can intervention of an external controller. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 90-97 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The lingua franca of the Internet is TCP/IP, and wireless devices are learning to speak this language. But what is the "wireless Internet?" There are a number of different anwers to this question. The question poses problems for equipment manufacturers, service providers, and users alike. We desire seamless access to the Internet, and in order to have that, all these different modes must operate transpaarently for users. This article discusses how TIA/EIA standard IS-856 cellular data (1xEV) can be married with IEEE 802.11b wireless data to enable wide-area Internet access for service providers and users. The article outlines the system used at the December 2000 IETF meeting and discusses its implications. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Yinghua Ye et al., John W. Noerenberg II, Allen B. Mackenzie, Stephen B. Wicker, Chris Heegard et al., Alex Hills, Tze-Wei Yeow, K. L. Eddie Law, Andrew Goldenberg, Lang Tong, Qing Zhao, Gokhan Mergen, Aristotelis Tsirigos, Zygmunt J. Haas, Rajit Manohar, Clinton Kelly IV, Viktoria Elek, Andrea Fumagalli, Gosse Wedzinga, Klara Nahrstedt et al., Sheila S. Hemami, John G. Proakis et al., Bill McFarland et al., Juha Ala-Lauria, Jouni Mikkonen, Jyri Rinnemaa |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | IEEE Communications Magazine |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 174-182 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This article presents a simple integrated provisioning/protection scheme to dynamically allocate restorable bandwidth guaranteed paths in IP over WDM networks. A guaranteed restorable path implies that a flow of data is successfully routed if both an active path and another alternate link-disjoint path are found at the same time. Unlike the conventional approach, where the IP and WDM layers are not aware of each other, the new scheme takes advantage of the recent development in GMPLS to provide integrated end-to-end survivability by incorporating network state information from both layers (e.g., the cost information in physical links, the bandwidth usage on each lightpath, and intermediate router speed) into protection path allocation. Simulation results are used to evaluate the performance of the new scheme and show that the proposed protection approach can efficiently improve the network utilization, and deliver reliable services. |
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