| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 34-42 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The objectives of this study was to observ the irradiation effect and/ or antibiotic residues on Listeria monocytogenes inoculated on sterilized fresh goat meat and incubated at low temperatures. In this study, subculture of L. monocytogenes were inoculated on sterilized fresh goat meat, and than irradiated with the dose of 0, 0.5; 1.0; and 1.5 kGy. Samples from each dose were the growth of L. Monocytogenes at 0; 3 and 6 days incubation. The results showed that in the goat meat stored at 10 derajat celcius, the population of L. monocytogenes were increased, both in the control and in the irradiated meat, while at 2 derajat celcius no significant growth were found in the control. Irradiation tended to suppress the population of L. monocytogenes. No antibiotic residue was found in goat meat and the growth of L. monocytogenes was influenced only by irradiation. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 43-56 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Policymakers in developing countries have tended to consider the farm sector as the principle sector for creation of rural employment and income opportunity. Therefore, they interpreted development as a structural change from agriculture through industry to services based economy, which is common thought as the `pattern of economic development`. This article, founded on empirical research, points out that off-farm income in rural area of North Sumatra palays an important role not only to food security and risk management, but also to provide capital available for investment on farm. This fact contradicts the general pattern, that on the `transitional stage of rural industrialization`, the capital resource should flow from agriculture. It indicates the persistent of multiple employment on individual as well as household level, which allow multiple jobholding on differrent sectors dynamically. The most suitable policy measure for such constellation is to support simultaneous growth of all there sectors and to promote |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 1-11 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The economic and environmental costs of the excessive use of chemical N fertilizers in agriculture have been global concern. Sustainability considerations require alternatives to chemical N fertilizer. Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), a microbiological process that converts atmospheric nitrogen into a plant usable form offers an alternative. Nitrogen fixing system offer an economically and ecologicall value of reducing external inputs and improving internal resources. Symbiotic system such as legumes and Rhizobium can be a major source of N in most cropping system and that Azolla and Anabaena can be a particular value to flooded rice crop. Nitrogen fixation by associative and free-living microorganism can be important as well. However, scientific and socio-cultural constraints limit the utilization of BNF system in agriculture. While several environmental factors that affect BNF have been studied, uncertainties still remain on how organism respond to a given environment, such as in the case of legumes, how to predict the likelihood and the magnitude of rhizobial inoculation to certain given environment. The difficulty in detecting introduced organism in the field is remain a major obstacle to measure the success or failure inoculation. Production level problems and socio-cultural factors also limit the implementation of BNF system into real farming conditions. Maximum benefit of BNF can be realized only through analysis and resolution of major abstacles to BNF application in the field by farmers. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 66-78 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The aim of the study was to apply the linear programming in optimizing the route and the cost of of product shipment from the company towards consumers` places. The study was held at PT Duta Ayu Mas Persada Medan, a company which produces sauce (a kind of food ingredient). The result of the study showed that after optimization by using Linear Programming, the routes and the cost of shipment were decrease marked. Before optimization, the company used 8 routes and it could only transport 1,250 dozens of sauce bottle and cost of shipment was Rp 3,657,000. Whole, after optimization conducted, the company could significantly reduce the routes into 5 routes and the cost of shipment became Rp 3,518,150 (decrease 3,8%) and amount of sauce transported could be increased into 2,200 dozens (increase 76%). If the company maintains the entire production capacity of sauce, by applying the optimal routes (5 routes), the cost of shipment would only be Rp 2,214,900. It is more efficient than without doing the selection of shipment route. It was suggested that clearly, Linear Programming could be used as a consideration tool to determine the optimal route and cost of shipment. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Selviana Napitupulu, T. Sihol Nababan, David Barus, Samse Pandiangan, Jongkers Tampubolon, Harsojo, Lydia Andini, Humisar Sibarani, Benedicta Lamria Siregar, Tiurma Sitanggang, Robert Siahaan, Ferisman Tindaon |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 79-92 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The objectives of this study were to describe the kinds of syntax errors found in the composition of university students, to find out the most dominant errors, the causes of the errors and the implication of composing errors in language acquisition. The samples were 50 English students on the sixth semester and purposive sampling was used in selecting the samples. The data were gathered by means of two instruments; free and controlled compositions and they were analyzed by using the linguistic category taxonomy. The method of analyzing data was descriptive analysis. From the data analysis, it was obtained the fallowing conclusions: Based on the linguistic category taxonomy, the syntax errors found were 1) concord errors (number: 72,03% and person: 27,97%), 2) sentence fragments (predicative omission: 63,73% and subject omission: 36,27%), 3) verbal errors (infinitive: 57,14%, gerund: 25%, and participle: 17,86%), 4) tense errors (past: 69,64%, present: 16,07% and future: 14,29%). The most dominant errors was concord error: 32,78% and it was caused by the interference of the first language (Indonesian) and second language (interlingual factor). By means of composition, it was found the language competence of the learners and the level of their second language competence of the learners and the level of their second language acquisition. The more dominant cause of the language errors was intralingual and it was produced by language learner on the intermediate or advanced level. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 53-67 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The objective of this research was to describe the marketing strategies which were applied by home industry in marketing rattan furniture in Kotamadya Medan, and to describe impulse factors and barriers which were faced by the businessman of rattan furniture in Kotamadya Medan. The writer motivation to study the rattan furniture marketing was to achieve market leader in marketing potential. This research tried to analyze marketing mix which was implemented by the businessman from point of view, the product, price, promotion and place (41`) againts the rattan furniture home industry. In this research the whole population become the samples, 25 respondent. Data collection was to using questioner according to Likert scale method, the data were tabulated and then ware analyzed by using product moment. The results of the measurement of dependent variable (marketing strategy = X) promotion, price, channel of distribution and product againts independent variable (the home industry = Y) with T test. With the score rxy = 0.64. The correlation X againts Y was significant. And the T test value was 3.99 and T table is 1,714. And the value of rxy was determinated so it was indicated the effect of X againts Y 40.96%, the rest of the variation 59,04% was affected by other factors, such a sthe consumer power of purchase, the consumer taste, atcatera, which were not included in this research. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 68-79 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The use of agricultural chemicals such as nitrifications inhibitors (NIs) in the field may potentially increase plant production and nitrogen efficiency but may also raise concern about their possible side-effects on non-target processes in soils. In order to determine the possible side effect of the new NIs 3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate (DMPP) and 4-chloro-3-methylpyrazolephosphate (CIMPP) in compariso to dicyandiamide (DCD) on non-target microbial processes in soils, four methods and three physico-chemically different soils were used. Side-effects and dose-response-curve of the three NIs were quantified under laboratory conditions in model experiments using loamy clay, a sandy loam and a sandy soil. As parameters for general microbial activity in soil, the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and dimethylsulfoxide reduction activity (DRA) were used. The potential denitrification capacity (PDC) and nitrogenase activity (NA) were selected as specific microbial processes in soils. The quantitative determination of DHA was carried out spectrophotomerically, whereas DRA, PDC and NA were determined by applying gaschromatographic methods. As references, DMPP, CIMPP and DCD base concentrations of 0.36, 0.25 Mg g pangkat -1 dry soil, respectively, were used based on recommended fertilizer rate of 90 kg N ha pangkat -1. In all experiment, the influences of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 times the base concentrations were examined. To evaluate the rate of inhibition with increasing NI-concentrations, dose-response-curves (DCRs) were presented and the no observable effect level (NOEL) as well as ED10- and ED50-values (for 10% and 50% inhibition) were calculated. In addition to the semi logaritmic graphical curves, the effects of the three NIs were approximately derived according to a standard statistical equation using Sigmaplot and Sigmastat programs. The results can be summarized as follows. The dose-response-curves for DHA, DRA, PDC were generally sigmoid nature in all investigated soils. The DRCs recorded suggest that DMPP, CIMPP and DCD may affect non-target microbial soil processes only at high concentrations. The nitrogenase activity (NA) remained unaffected by three NIs in tested soils. The ecotoxicological threshold values were always higher in the clay soil than both the loamy and sandy soil. The PDC revealed to be the most sensitive parameter. Sensitivity of the three NIs in questions decrased in the order of PDC>DRA>DHA>NA. Generally, CIMPP exhibited the strongest influence on non-target microbial process in the three soils compared to DMPP and DCD. Dose-response relationships between NIs and microbial non-target activities depend on soil types. The NIs were generally most effective in sandy soils. Sofar, one tenth of the lowest experimental NOEL was considered as concern level for agricultural chemicals. Based on NOEL-values for DHA, DRA and PDC, the corresponding threshold values for DMPP, CIMPP and DCD are clearly higher than the above mentioned recommended rates for NIS corresponding to 90 - 360 kg ha pangkat -1 N fertilizer. Consequently, DMPP and CIMPP should be considered at the present state of knowledge as environmentally compatible and safe. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 93-100 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Palm oil empty fruit bunch fiber may have a choice for food cattle after increasing the N content on cellulotic fiber. The experiment was conducted to compare the growth of two mushrooms, Coprinus sp. and Coprinus cinereus Jp to increase N total of palm oil fiber. The first mushroom was isolated from local mushroom and the later was mushroom from JAERI-Japan. For mushroom growth, the empty fruit bunch (EFB), was mixed 100% rice bran, 1% CaCo3, 1% gypsum (CaSo4), and in 80% humidity. The treatments of experiment were consisted of 2 mushroom strain and 4 sterilization methods, autoclaved heating and radiation sterilization at the doses of 10 kGy, 20 kGy and 30 kGy. After I month of spawning mushroom inoculation, mycelium grew which was followed by the emerging of mushroom fruiting body (basidiome). Growth medium was placed in polyethylene bag. Parameters of the experiment were weight of mushroom and EFB fibre content after 3 months biofermentation (growing period) total N, total fibre, biological efficiency, and rendement. Result of the research showed that weight of local Coprinus sp, 35,4% higher than C. cinereus Jp. Rendement after mushroom harvesting was not significant between 2 strains (82-92%). The average of total N in EFB 1,07% higher than control. Total fibre after harvesting decreased 10.2%. The utilization of EFB fibre was useful after Coprinus sp., mushroom growing. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 22-40 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This research was conducted in St. Elisabeth hospital Medan, North Sumatra at the end of the year 2001. This research stressed on optimum allocation of nurses. The research aims to help in optimizing the hospital management in supplying and positioning the amount of optimal nurses. Optimization was done in ten patient rooms (room MA I, MA II, ICU, ML, FA, PA, LA, BK, EA, KK). The time treatments of nurses were grouped in three shifts: morning shift (X1), afternoon shift (X2), night shift (X3) with certain minimum requirement of nurses based on size of are rooms. By using scenario of linear programming optimization, it was found that the amount of minimum requirement of nurses could significantly be reduced in each inpatient room. In room MA I with 19, nurses could be reduced to 13 nurses (X1=4, X2=7, X3=2) which showed the optimal requirement of nurses, in room MA II from 18 nurses to 12 nurses (X1=4, X2=6, X3=2), in room ICU from 15 nurses to be 8 nurses (X1=4, X2=1, X3=3), in room ML from 16 nurses to 10 nurses (X1=4, X2=4, X3=2), in room FA from 20 nurses to 12 nurses (X1=6, X2=4, X3=2), in room PA from 14 nurses to 9 nurses (X1=4, X2=4, X3=1), in room LA from 15 nurses to 9 nurses (X1=4, X2=3, X3=2), in room BK from 7 nurses to 4 nurses (X1=2, X2=1, X3=1), in room EA from 7 nurses to 5 nurses (X1=1, X2=3, X3=1), in room KK from 15 nurses to 9 nurses (X1=4, X2=7, X3=2). The combination and of X1, X2, X3 can dynamically be determined without changing the optimal amount of nurses. It is suggested that linear programming optimization can be used as a consideration tool to determine the optimal requirement of nurses. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Visi: Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 1-21 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In order to create the suitable academic situation nowadays especially in UHN, it`s essensial to know the student`s attitude and personality. This research was focused on how the emotional instability condition and learning achievement of PMIPA UHN`s student, and by this way will be taken a suitable instruction program, and motivate the mathematician to use their mathematic ability in research for other sciences. Emotion is a complexs situation of organism that relate to physic and a certain psyche changes, a stimulate situation, which noted by the strong feeling, and it is ussually a motivation to a certain behavior. Emotional instability in this research is based on seven variables, they are: guilt, hypochondriasis, self esteem, happiness, anxious, obsessive, and autonomy, and it is also addedabout the variable of student learning ability. The analysis was conducted according to Eysench and Wilson, and Canonic correlation analysis. By the both analysis we got that emotional instability distributed below normal, the correlation between emotional instability and learning ability are meaning less, the emotional instability can`t be used to predict the student learning ability and vise versa. The research recommended the important condition to be had and overcome, because it can create disappointed behavior, make the accurate learning program to the student situation, and FKIP UHN found the more effective counseling guidance bureau. |
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