| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 161-174 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This paper aim to measure the negative impact of The Bombing Tragedy for the role of the tourism sector in Bali`s Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP), and to study the impact for the various sub sectors which support tourism in Bali. As tourism is the key sector for the economic development of Bali, the tragic event of The Legian Kuta Bombing is considered to have a strong negative impact for the economy of Bali. The use of the Input-Output Analysis confirmed that the bombing tragedy had reduced the role of tourism in GDRP of Bali from 59.95 percent in the year 2000 to just 47.42 percent in 2002. Economic sectors which strongly received the negative impact are: Trade sector, Hotels and Restaurants, Transportation and Communication, Manufacturing, and Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Forestry, and Fishery. Consequently, it is the responsibility of The Local Government of Bali, together with the Central Government of Indonesia, to revive the image of Indonesia and Bali particularly as a save destination for the tourist. In the intermediate and longer term, the sectoral development strategies of Bali have to be redefined to accomodate the rapid changes that occur, which suggest the implementation of the study of Sustainable Community Tourism Development in Bali. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Catur Sugiyanto, M. Irsan Arief, I Nyoman Erawan, Puthut Indroyono, Awan Santosa, Dadit G. Hidayat, Bambang Ismawan, Sri Margana, Suwardjono |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 111-128 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Trade liberalization in recent years has been part of important world agenda in an attempt to create an unlimited relationship. The endogenous growth literature provides persuasive support that stresses the importance of international trade levels for economic growth. This research uses endogenous growth approach to analyze the effect of international trade on manufacturing industry sector of Indonesia, and importantly to find out the impact in relation to trade liberalization in 1985. The panel data is used and the trade deregulation policy is captured by using dummy variable. A piecewise linear regression model is applied. Observation covers 26 manufacturing sectors between 1979 and 1997. In general, the results show that trade variables used to measure productivity growth rate have small effect on output growth. There is also a positive effect of export growth in one year time lag on productivity but it lesser than that of the imported input growth. We confirm that trade deregulation in 1985 contribute to the increase in productivity of the manufacturing sectors, especially the export oriented firms. Nevertheless, the relatively smaller effect of trade variables than production variables can be a sign of low productivity rate in international trade that is expected to lead the growth of Indonesian manufacturing industry. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 47-60 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Penelitian ini menjelaskan dividend puzzle menggunakan teori biaya keagenan yang diusulkan oleh Easterbrook (1984). Dia menhipotesiskan bahwa pemegang saham yang menaikkan pembayaran dividen dan secara `simulatn` meningkatkan utang untuk membiayai investasinya lebih sejahtera dibandingkan dengan pemegang saham lainnya yang hanya meningkatkan pembayaran dividennya saja. Dia menyediakan mekanisme bahwa pemegang saham menggunakan pembayaran dividen untuk memaksa manajer ke pasar modal untuk menggalang dana. Argumen Easterbrook dibangun berdasarkan pada biaya pemonitoran keagenan. Biaya ini merupakan biaya yang signifikan dan pemegang saham tidak dapat mendapatkan hasil sepenuhnya dari biaya pemonitoran yang dikeluarkan. Mereka hanya menerima manfaat sebesar proporsi kepemilikannya saja, karena beberapa manfaat akibat dari biaya pemonitoran ini akan juga diterima oleh prisipal lain seperti pemegang obligasi. Suatu mekanisme untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dilakukan untuk memaksa pemegang obligasi membagi beban biaya pemonitoran. Dengan demikian pemegang saham yang mampu memaksa manajernya mencari tambahan dana di pasar modal akan mendapatkan insentif mengurangi biaya pemonitoran keagenan. Kesejahteraan pemegang saham dipengaruhi oleh dua kebijakan yaitu, kebijakan dividen (meningkatkan pembayaran dividen) dan kebijakan pendanaan (meningkatkan utang) secara `simultan`. Penelitian ini mencoba menginvestigasi kebijakan mana yang mempengaruhi yang lainnya. Penelitian ini selain meneliti efek keseluruhan dari kedua kebijakan secara `simultan,` juga meneliti efek individual dari masing-masing kebijakan terhadap kesejahteraan pemegang saham. Penelitian ini menemukan hasil mendukung hipotesis dari Easterbrook yaitu, perusahaan-perusahaan yang meningkatkan pembayaran dividen tunainya dan sekaligus meningkatkan utang-utangnya benar-benar meningkatkan kesejahteraan pemegang saham. Meningkatkan pembayaran dividen akan menurunkan kesejahteraan pemegang saham, tetapi meningkatkan utang setelahnya akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan pemegang saham dengan efek total bersih berpengaruh positif terhadap kesejahteraan pemegang saham. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 61-87 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This paper attempts to illuminate the dynamics of Indonesia`s clove cigarette industry using Sctructure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) paradigm and industrial cluster approach. We employed concentration ratios (CR4, CR8, and IHH) and performance ratios in SCP analysis. To identify industrial clusters, we used Geographic Information System (GIS) an some tools of analysis, mainly size and specialization index. The structure of clove cigarette industry suggested that an oligopoly with high concentration has been found, albeit declined slightly over the period 1996-1999. As far as geographic concentration is concerned, we found that this industry has clustered overhelmingly in and around Kudus, Kediri, Surabaya, and Malang. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 37-47 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | There are in Indonesian economy big discrepancies of the nominal per capita National Income and its Purchasing Power Parity with a ratio of 1:5, meaning that the real economy is indeed bigger than what is reported. The very low wages and income of the lowest strata including farmers are indication that the state is being subsidized by its people. This discrepancy can and must be corrected, in stages through ``structural correction``. The realationship with foreign economies must not be ``in their terms`` but eventually to become ``on our term``. National interest must be given priority in all international relations, and program with IMF should be terminated as soon as possible without serious negative impacts to the Indonesian economy. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 1-8 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Krisis keuangan di Asia Timur menyebar dari Thailand ke Indonesia dan negara-negara lainnya di kawasan Asia Timur melalui pasar uang dan pasar modal di mana mata uang lokal terdepresiasi dengan cepat dan dalam jumlah yang besar. Akibat dari krisis tersebut terhadap kemiskinan sangat cepat karena depresiasi mata uang lokal mengindikasikan kenaikan harga-harga umum secara tiba-tiba, terutama harga makanan yang sebagian besar merupakan produk impor. Inflasi tersebut kemudian dengan serius mempengaruhi rakyat miskin karena mereka tidak mampu untuk mencukupi kebutuhan pangan. Konsekuensinya, kemiskinan meningkat dan proporsi populasi yang berada di bawah garis kemiskinan meningkat pula. Untungnya, inflasi yang tinggi pada tahun 1998 sebesar 78 persen dapat dikontrol dengan cepat dan inflasi tersebut menurun hingga hanya 2 persen pada tahun 1999 dan kemudian kembali ke ``normal`` sekitar 10 persen pada periode 2000-2001. Penurunan harga bahan pangan secara otomatis pula menurunkan jumlah rakyat miskin hingga 50 persen. Ini disebut sebagai ``transient poverty. Indonesia pada saat ini masih menghadapi krisis keuangan dan perbankan, namun posisi ekonomi masyarakat, termasuk rakyat miskin, telah kembali ke keadaan normal. Ekonomi rakyat memang membuktikan kemampuannya untuk bertahan di tengah krisis. Namun demikian, sangat disayangkan bahwa media masih terus membesar-besarkan krisis keuangan yang merefleksikan kepentingan sektor swasta agar tidak perlu ditekan untuk mengembalikan utang mereka yang sangat besar jumlahnya. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 21-36 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The goals of this research are to examine factors affecting the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) raising which is based on supply and demand, to examine the impact the decline of LDR to small business credit, to identity the appropriate scheme for the small business and then to make recommendation in optimalizing LDR in Bali`s economy. Based on Slovin approach, the sample size of small business chosen as respondent were 100 units. To reach the overall perception, 15 commercial banks (Bank Umum) and 16 Secondary banks (Bank Perkreditan Rakyat/BPR) were selected also as respondents. Multiple regression analysis supported by stepwise regression was used to test factors affecting LDR. To examine factors affecting LDR based on demand, the tools used was descriptive statistics. This is expected to support regression analysis, especially to make integrated decision making. This research finding indicated that, first, actors that simultaneously affected LDR-BPR were core capital, supplementary capital, saving in other bank, saving interest rate, time deposit in other bank, time deposit interest rate, fund from society at previous period, credit at previous period, PPAP to PPAPWD ratio and cover guarantee. Partially, there were seven variables significantly contribute to LDR including supplementary capital, saving interest rate, time deposit in other bank, time deposit interest rate, credit at previous period, PPAP to PPAPWD ratio and cover guarantee. Second, factors that simultaneously affected LDR-BU were cash in other bank, clearing account interest rate, saving in other bank, saving interest rate, time deposit in other bank, time deposit interest rate, Bank Indonesia Certificat (SBI), SBI interest rate, fund from society at previous period, invested bank fund, credit at previous period, credit interest rate, PPAP to PPAPWD ratio and cover guarantee. Partially, there were nine variables that significantly contribute to LDR-BU including clearing interest rate, saving in other bank, time deposit interest rate, SBI interest rate, invested bank fund, credit at previous period, credit interest rate, PPAP to PPAPWD ratio and cover guarantee. Third, an average LDR of BPRs in Bali for the five period (quarterly) was 91,75% which mean BPR were in healty condition from the liquidity point of view. But, for LDR-BU an average LDR was 46,23% that indicated less healty condition. Forth, although BPR in good condition, it can be optimalized through four variables. Fifth, for LDR-BU there were six variables that canbe optimalized to increase LDR. Sixth, the low average of LDR-BU from demand side point of view were because of lack of information about the opportunity for small business. Another finding, of this research was that an innovative credit scema for small business is not based on low rate of credit interest, but the small business need a competitive credit scema. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 88-99 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Artikel ini mengungkap beberapa temuan awal tentang perilaku deterministik dalam proses adopsi dan penyebaran (difusi) teknologi informasi di kalangan usaha kecil dan menegah di Indonesia. Keyakinan dasar adalah bahwa usaha kecil dan menengah mempunyai kemampuan menampilkan keluwesan pengelolaan sumberdaya organisasional, mengeksplorasi keunikan jejaring sosial, dan mengambil manfaat dari inovasi berbais teknologi informasi. Pertanyaan penelitian yang diajukan adalah bagaimana pemilik sekaligus manajer usaha kecil dan menengah memandang teknologi informasi dan bagaimana mereka menyelesaikan masalah-masalah bisnisnya dengan menggunakan bantuan teknologi informasi. Studi kasus dilakukan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian tersebut dan mengungkap aspek-aspek kualitatif mengenai faktor kunci kesuksesan inovasi berbasis teknologi informasi. Temuan dalam studi ini adalah bahwa kompleksitas inovasi di kalangan usaha kecil dan menengah muncul karena adanya interaksi berbagai faktor kelembagaan yang harus dipikirkan sebelum fenomena keberhasilan inovasi yang dimaksud dapat diraih dan disebarluaskan. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Pasaribu, Syamsul Hidayat, Utomo, Hargo, I Wayan Sudirman, Mubyarto, Sudibyo, Bambang, Mudradjad Kuncoro, Simon Bambang Sumarno, Ratnaningsih, Dewi, Jogiyanto Hartono |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 9-20 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This paper attempts to explain and estimate the two-gap analysis in terms of capital mobility by residual of econometric models. The research presents the cases of ASEAn-4 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand). The two-gap analysis is an identity and it cannot be estimated by the econometric method. For the purposes of this research, first the identity is modified in econometric models. Second, then the modified model could be estimated. Estimating identity with econometric model has at least two advantages. (1) The residual of econometric model could be interpreted as the variables that are not allowed in the model. (2) The residual of econometric model is minimized, so the residual model in term of this research could be interpreted as minimum value of the government or private saving-investment gap. The results show the models that have been modified in econometric models can capture the identity of two-gap analysis. The better estimated models to explain the capita mobility of those countries are the private saving-investment gap models, except for Indonesian case. Moreover, the residuals of the private saving-investment gap models can capture the estimated values of the government saving-investment gaps, especially in the cases of Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 428-439 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Banyak orang sering bertanya-tanya bagaimana harga saham terbentuk di pasar. Volatilitas harga berdasarkan pada Wall Street Adage (kata-kata klasik yang bijak dan para pemain di Wall Street) adalah volume trading yang menggerakkan harga. Volume trading dalam kenyataannya dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam jumlah perdagangan dan rata-rata jumlah transaksi setiap pelanggan. Penelitian ini dengan menggunakan kapitalisasi pasar dalam pembentukan portofolionya akan melihat manakah yang mendorong volatilitas harga, jumlah/banyaknya transaksi atau rata-rata besarnya volume saham per transaksi. Penelitian ini juga melihat jenis informasi yang mempengaruhi perusahaan. Informasi yang bersifat umum dan informasi yang bersifat spesifik. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa jumlah transaksi secara signifikan positif mempengaruhi volatilitas harga saham di Bursa Efek Jakarta. Perusahaan dengan kapitalisasi besar secara signifikan berhubungan dengan informasi yag bersifat umum. Untuk informasi spesifik secara signifikan berhubungan baik untuk perusahaan berkapitalisasi kecil maupun perusahaan berkapitalisasi besar. |
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