| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 105-111 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The International Commission for Scientific Religious Psychology aims to encourage, without confessional or ideological bias, scientific research into the psychoology of religion. Oneof its activities is to choose a work, in any language, whose scientific quality marks an advance in religious psychology and is promising for the future of reseach in this fields. For the period 1986-19990, this distinction has been bestowed on a book by David M. Wulff, Professor at wheaton College, Norton, U.S.A.: Psychology of Religion, classic and contemporary Views (New York, Wiley, 1991). The I.C.S.R.P. has thus rewarded a work, the first of its kind, dealing with the history of the psychology of religion. Beginning with an account of the Jury`s deliberations, thisreport describes the presentation of the Award and the importance of the prizewinning work with extracts from the speeches made on that occasion (Louvain, August 29, 1991). |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 15-24 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | A rapid evolution of throught patterns raises the question of identity: with what images of humankind shall we face the future? on which basis stake our priorities in the educational, cultural, economic and political field? The article focuses on what Europeans themselves think and say (according to the new and recent survey of the European Value Systems Study Group) and underlines some of the more striking features. Public opinion does not change quickly. It is all the more interesting to see what changes and what does not. The quest for happiness remains prominent, as well as the place given to equality and freedom. Similarly we can note a persistent desire for autonomy along with increasing individualism. In two areas, one must take account of significant changes: sexuality and Christian beliefs. Collectively, Europeans remain confronted with the great questionsm of life, love and death. Going beyond a purely descriptive approach, the article ends with three importat challenges and orientations for the future: - the importance of groups and associations; - the need to protect one`s cultural values and see their cooherence, - while at the same time to enhance the practice of cultural hospitality. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 25-37 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The modern economy seems to have lost a sense of direction. Actually, it is be9ing guided exclusively by the ``Gospel of competitiveness". At the origin of this worship of competitiveness (beyond the industrial and business world), the author sees two mains reasons: - the prime importance given to techniqe, the triumph of techn0logy and its impact on society for the last forty years; - the creation of a world market (considering only the interest of eight hundred thousand consumers!) along with the crisis of the State as promoter of general public interest. The implications and consequences of this state of affairs are powerful and numerous. The article pays particular attention to those that influece our time: - ideologically we live in the Northern hemisphere in a survival logic dictated by a context of world economic warfare, considered as unavoidable; - we witness a new alliance between Enterprise and State, expressed among other aspects by the fact that commercial concerns are in charge of the content and limits of general public interest; - we bear the dismantling of the social contract which has been at the basis of the political and ecoonomical development of the advanced western societies, and consequently witness an increase in and a generalization of, at planetary level, social exclusion. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 76-85 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The first European School was established in Luxemburg in 1953. Since then, eight european Schools have opened, numbering 15. 000 pupils. The teaching programmes of these schools have been harmonized and have a specific European character. Concerning religious education, the system set up in the Belgian state schools has been folowed. So European schools offer the pupils a choice that respects the main religious orientations or philosophical trends prevalent in the Western world. When enrolling, the parents choose the course which correspond to their personal convictions. The course (religion- whether Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox, Israelite-or moral science) is compulsory but the marks are not taken into account at the end of the year. Appointment of teachers, programmes and methods depend on the respective religious authorities (for Catholic religion, the local Bishops). Teachers are appointed by the director of the school on a proposal by the same authorities. The teaching of Catholic religion in European schools follows the same programme in the various languages and in all the schools (though the question of text-books is far from being solved). Religious education is open to all, believers and non-believers, but without renouncing its Christian specificity: a better knowledge of the Gospel of Christ. Religion classes do not aim at making pupils believe but respect the individual commitment. They fit in the general educational project: to form young people in a united-pluralist and secular-europe where christians have a role to play. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 61-66 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In August 1991, the VIth World Day of Youth was celebrated in Czetochowa with, for the first time, massive participation of Christians from Eastern Europe. The article shows the importance of such an event for unification and peace promotion in Europe. More than numbers (one million from different continents, including about one hundred thousand from the East), the quality of the preparation (the contacts made during nine months), the choice of itineraries (to keep alive the memory of our past) and the value of the event itself (through various testimonies and encounters) are worth recalling. The variety of people assambled was truly reminiscent of the Pentecost event at Jerusalem, helping believers to listen to what the Spirit says to the Churches. In his homily, the Pope insisted that the feeling of spiritual emptiness will not be solved b y private or individual revolutions only and he invited his hearers to be at the servce of unity and solidarity. On the way back, the young had in their pockets the gift of hope, and also many adresses and souvenirs with which to weave Europe and build a solidaroty without continental barriers. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 93-104 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Advertising says much of social values and norms. It is an essential tool in the fuctioning and deveoppment of modern capiitalistsocieties, in so far as their problem is to ``sell`` products and , in order to achieve this, to make the products ``desirable`` to would-be consumers. Advertising, the author tells us, should not be considered only as a business activity, or asa purely economic reality. It also has cultural significance. Advertisments put forward life styles and values. Their growing importance comes from the fact that there is no personal commercial relationship between the producer and the costumer. Advertising is part of marketing, i.e. that great commercial system whose aim is to produce goods and to dispose of them. Advertising however is not something straightforwards and without consequences (mere technical or commercial information on a given product, as its proponents say), nor is it plain brainwashing (compelling our choices and creating artifical needs, as its critics say). It is probably something in between, yet more ad more present in our society. And this to the point that it affects not onlypolitical campaigns but steps in for ``selling`` great social and humanitarian actions (the ``marketing`` of charity). Advertising, the article reminds us, not only helps to sell products but alsoinfluences beliefs and values. It is important to sell products but also influence beliefs and values. It is important to underline this shange of perspektives, for often we are unaware of how much advertising hjas become part of the world we live in. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 7-13 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The special Synod on Europe (December 1991) was convened in the context of the new evangelization of Europe, both Western and Eastern. For Cardinal Danneels, this implies a serious desire to get correct information, mutual openness and forgiveness for past wounds. Tthe European Episcopal Conferencess Council will have a great role to play in this regard but it is also Christians at grass root level who are concerned. We must especially take into account that the European of the end of the century iks not an atheist but is amazingly open to the religious dimension, yet a ``savage religiosity``. He is looking for a religion which could satisfy his search for happiness, his quest for wholeness. For him, what becomes of the uniqueness of christianity? Are Christian values imperceptible eroded? Indeed many are the questions concerning the uniqueness of Christ the Saviour; there is also a tendency to separate the Gospel values from the person of Christ, and often to separate God from Christ. Three points rightly underlined in the Encyclical Redemptoris Missio; three points to remember not only for the missio ad Gentes but also for the evangelization of Europe. United Europe, said the primate of Belgium, will be based on a free consennsus in which the spiritual and moral contribution of the churches will prove indispensible. Spiritual forces will be particularly necessary when giving due attention to the rights of minorities. The unity of Europe should not lead us to neglect the problems of the Southern hemisphere, added the Cardinal twho concluded his address with a plea for total nuclear disarmament. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 51-60 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe has left a great ideological vacuum. Reactions to the new situation differ from people to people and we have to distinguish the satellite contries linked countries linked with the Catholic tradition (Poland, Germany,...), where religious renewal comes slowly and materialism is growing, and the countries of the Greco-byzantine tradition (Romania, Bulgaria, former Soviet Union..), where rejection of Communism has been slow and the new regimes tend to established links with the ancien national Churches. In many countries the Uniate question remains a source of controversies between the Churches: the Uniates really seem to be a source of contention. However, says the author, new forms of ``Uniatism``are lilkely to spring up. The fears of a ``Catholic Evangelization`` of Russia can be understood but they are only one as-pect of a problem which should not impede dialogue and contacts. More serious perhaps are the internal problems of the Christian communities which should bring together believers who had to suffer from the Communist regimes (the ``confessors``) and Christians who are considered today as ``collaborators`` (especially in Hungary or Czechoslovakia). In Poland, the Catholic Church should have been the great winner of the changes: the Church strongly against the Communist govenment and fought vigorously for human rights. The election of a Polish Pope has not been without consequences. Yet, the Polish Church is being slowly pushed out of social life and her role reduced to religious affairs. Secularization ia a reality in today`s Polard. In EAstern Europe, political freedom has been recovered but problems-economic as well as cultural-are cropping up. A great divide has separated Europeans for one thousands years. Are Christians, from East and West, willing and prepared to meet one another? |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 67-75 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In the great mobilization for Europe and the general affervescence of projects, one notes a striking absence: religious education. At European level, there is noo structure or organization for Religious Education. The reasons for this state of affairs are well enough known, among which the great variety of situations. The article offers a quick survey of this diversity in form and contents of Religious Education at school in Europe. He first outlines three elements: 1. Everywhere in Europe, RE classes are given a legal basis, but this basis (source of legitimation) is not always the same and does not entail the same compulsory character. 2. The status of RE in the school curriculum varies, from ordinary, or optiomal, or facultative teaching matter to out of school activity. 3. The link with a given Christian denomination or its confessional character also varies. Religious education offers nevertheless a certain number of recurrent features and the author underline a few constans: 1. RE has its place in most of the state school systems of Europe; 2. RE is given institutional guarantees which safeguard the respect of freedom of conscience; 3. RE IS linked with the socialization process and Christian initiation in the family and in the community, hough it is not identified with them; 4. RE tends to overcome narrowly confessional and sectarian tendencies and to favour interreligious objectives; 5. Religious authorities seek new bases for the social acceptability of the course; 6. The teacher remains a key element on which depends much of the quality and effectiveness of RE. Finally, the article puts in perspective a few challenges and priorities (a unified memory for both East and West; the pluaralist and secular context; promoting a pedagogy of responsile freedom; etc). In any case, a new distribution of competence and responsibility, between civil society and religious bodies, is in the offing. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Francois Gobbe, Flavio Pajer, Robert Hotz, Cardinal Godfried Danneels, Jean-Charles Mirgaux, Chantal Van Der Plancke, Catherine Roba, Riccardo Petrella, Jan Kerkhofs, Andre Gordin, Pierre Renard |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Lumen: A Journal of Catholic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 39-50 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The article explains the context, the choices and the organisational set up which allowed the European Peace Movements to face new challenges. It also analyses new perspectives since the early 90s. A new peace movement developped in 1980 to protest against the euro-missiles and the issueless confrontation between East and West. The European Nuclear Disarmament (END), with the Russel Foundation Appeal, demanded a new Europe, a europe which would guarantee its security through disarmament, go beyond the division into two blocks and show solidarity with the rest of the world. From 1985 onwards, the international context took a dratic turn. Arms escalation stopped with the INF Treaty on euro-missiles (1987 ). In this new era, Europe is now confronted with a double task: the liquidation of the legacy of the cold war and the re-establishment of relations on a democratic and political basis. The enemy has vanished but not all risks, and a political response is now epected, not a military one. The world is getting out of the cold war period, but the consequences of this situation have to be drawn: the question of nuclear disarmament remains and new political structures have to be established, structures which must not forget the urgent problems of racism, nationalism, migration as well s economic and political imbalances. Ten years after the russel Appeal, the END remains the only forum for peace mpoovements, ppolitical parties, and other civil organisatios open to dialogue on the question of disarmament and security. |
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