| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 63-77 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This peper presents a very brief discussion of how Everyman, a medieval morality play, can be cotegorized into an allegory of ideas and how the Biblical concept of salvation becomes the doctrine communicated in this play. This paper probes the allegorical aspects of the play. The analysis will be focused on the elements of the allegory of ideas: the characters and the plot. This paper will show how the characters represent the abstract concepts and their ulterior meaning and how the plot communicates a doctrine: the Biblical concept of salvation. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 15-33 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Fromkin and Rodman point out that what may replace a longer expression is a pronoun and another kind of pro-form. This means that a pronoun is also a pro-form. They also say that pronouns are coreferential with their antecedents. This paper is one examination of pro-forms: their coverage, their coreferentiality with antecedents, and their relationship with antecedents. In so doing it scrutinizes books on grammar and on linguistics. Proforms cover pronouns, pro-noun phrase heads, pro-adverbials, pro-predicates, pro-predications, pro complements, and pro-clauses. In other words, there are proforms for noun phrases and their constituents and there are pro-forms for clauses and their constituents. Not all pronouns are coreferential with their antecedents. Those that are coreferential are: personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, reflexive pronouns, demonstrative pronouns: this and these, and the definite pronoun: such. Those pronouns that are not coreferential are: indefinite pornouns and the pronoun: the same. The demonstrative pronouns: that and those, may or may not be coreferential. Other than pronouns, pro-adverbials of time, and of place, are coreferential, whereas pro-predicates, pro-predications, pro-complements, pro-clauses, and pro-adverbials of process and of degree are not coreferential with their antecedents. There are relationships between pro-forms and their antecedents: anaphoric, cataphoric, and situational. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 47-61 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Interestingly Greene`s The Power and The Glory describes God`s image through two contrasting ideas: the power and the glory. The power is physical, but the glory spiritual. They actually do not deal with wickedness and goodness, although they are to fight in order to prove that one is actually more dominant than the other and vise versa. The proof as to which is most dominant is contained in the answer to the question whether God is more powerful or glorious. This disturbing question in given an answer through the imaginative descriptions of Greene`s major characters: The Lieutenant and The Priest. This shocking perception is produced because unbelievably Greene presents " the priest" as a bad character in spite of the holy duty he has to undergo and "the lieutenant" as the most tolerant person dealing with a criminal. It means that each of them, as a matter of fact, suffers from an internal conflict to establish his personality. Besides that, they have to compete to be the winner bacause " the priest" is the enemy of the country, and there is no one capable of catching the priest but " the lieutenant". They each have their own mission. The conflict, however, is finally not ended, but sharpened, by an implicit question as to whether the lieutenant is the winner or not, since the soul of the priest never dies for long. The lieutenant physically wins the pursuit, but the priest spiritually. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 1-14 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Bienvendo N. Santos` The Day The Dancers Came is often treated as a social document of the Filipino expatriates in the US. This study is an attempt to demonstrate that the tendency to see the text as a mere social document everlooks the fact that the text can also be seen as a national allegory. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Widyastuti, Dewi, FX. Siswadi, Gabriel Fajar Sasmita Aji, Aryanto, A., Tatang Iskarna |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 35-45 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Art and literature may become the portrayal of real world. However, to be able to state whether a work of literature portrays the real world, it is necessary to see what is behind the work. It is necessary, therefore, to observe the historical background of the work. This paper is intended to show that The Zoo Story depicts the society of New York during the early 1960s. To be able to present the evidences, the historical background of America between the late 1950s and early 1960s will be reviewed. The social and economic changes in the US during that period of time play a significant roles in depicting the society in the US. The historical background shosw that the changes in the US influenced the classes of society in The Zoo Story. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 1-12 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Setting contributes significantly to a literary work. However, most theories on setting are to be applied to fiction and drama, while it is of the same importance to poetry. Seeing this fact, the researcher will analyze several Indonesia poems which have New York as the setting in order to find what kind of impression set by the setting is felt by the speaker/persona of the poems. A formalistic approach is used in the analysis since the data are primarily taken from the works, not the extrinsic elements. The data collection method is secondary data collection from the poems themselves supported by other references. The physical setting of New York is pictured as modern, cosmopolitan , and full of buildings, although it also has its slum areas. The people are busy, ignorance, and seem to forget humanity. The setting creates the impression of loneliness and homesickness to the speakers, as well as insecurity. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 25-44 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In this paper I will try to expose Bernand Shaw`s Typical features, through his play The Apple Cart, as both a playwright and social and political reformer: raising sociopolitical problems, challenging conventianal beliefs, and offering new views on the conventional ideas professed by society. The socio-political problem he presents governmental encroachment, and the conventional belief he teases is democracy, a reliable governmental system professed by most of the people in the world. He presents his controversial idea in comic paradoxes. His aim is to urge the audience to overhaul their conventional baliefs and to take his new views on it. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 13-24 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This article is a short study of some of the possible functions of irony in short stories. The assumption that underlies this study is that there must be some reason for putting irony in certain works of literature; that no writer arbitrarily involves irony in his or her writings without thinking of its effects on readers. This article, which cultivates one of the most widely-used intrinsic elements of literature, tries specifically to see how irony helps readers comprehend a story. The result of this short study shows that the irony used by the three writers (Poe, Maupasant, and Lawrence) has different effects, and helps readers in different ways. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Adventina P.B Riono, Wijanarka, Hirmawan, Tatang Iskarna, Anggraini, Theresia Enny |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 45-53 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | George Herbert was a religious English poet. His view of life can be seen in all his works that are believed to be his spiritual autobiography. In life, one of his reflective poems, Herbert tries to express what he thinks about life in relation with the sentiment to an idea, which was popular in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, called `carpe diem`. Writers of present life because life is short. This paper is trying to understand how George Hebert interprets such an idea. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Journal of Language and Literature |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 69-83 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The concept of tragedy has developed from age to age. Aristotle proposed the concept of Greek Tragedy. Andre Bradley presented the substance of Shakespearean tragedy. In the twentieth century Francis Fergusson gave a definition of Ibsenian tragedy, and Arthur Miller wrote The Tragedy of Common Men in the New York Times. Actually there are some other interpretations of tragedy. All concepts of tragedy contain an important feature, that is the downfall of the hero. The downfall is usually pain, bitterness, or death. However, not all plays ending with death are tragedy. The death in tragedy, the tragic death, has some characteristics. The writer of this paper will explain the characteristics of tragic death by analyzing the modern tragedies of Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen and Death of A Salesman by Arthur Miller. |
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