| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 141-150 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The conventional paradigm of the policy process is that state or federal level legislators and agency heads set policy; agency bureaucrats write the guidelines and specifications; administrators at various levels down to the building level administrators implement the policy initiative; research specialists in program and policy implementation evaluation assess the effects of the policy and report back to those who set the policy. This paper argues that administrators at the state, district, or building level should review and evaluate policy, thereby joining their perspectives to and enriching the conversion between the policy setting and policy evaluating communities. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Craig E. Richards, Starratt, Robert J., David Stern et al, R. Darrell Bock, Robert J. Mislevy, James C. Hearn, Murphy, Joseph, Thomas B. Timar, David L. Kirp, Jana Kay Slater |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 106-116 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The study develops a typology of educational monitoring systems with a view toward its utility for educational policymakers. The three major types are compliance monitoring, diagnostic monitoring, and performance monitoring. Three case studies are presented from New Jersey, Minnesota, and California that typify each approach to monitoring. The concluding section discusses the policy trade-offs that accompany reliance by states on each approach to educational accountability. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 37-49 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | As part of more general efforts at school improvement, a number of states have instituted public preschool education programs for disadvantaged children. These new programs have been criticized from several perspectives and their potential effectiveness called into question. This paper presents the initial findings of a longitudinal study of new public preschool programs in South Carolina. Two separate research designs were used to maximize both internal and external validity. Classroom observation was used to measure program quality. The preschool program was found to increase children`s school readiness, if a minimum (and readily achievable) level of quality was maintained. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 23-36 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The purpose of this paper is to provide the most recent national information available on the relationship between school district poverty, local fiscal needs and capacities, and Chapter 1 allocation levels. Two central questions will be addressed. First, what is the relationship between a school district`s poverty rate (the primary basis for Chapter 1 allocations) and its local revenue raising capability? Second, how are Chapter 1 funds allocated among districts with different poverty rates, fiscal capacities, and local revenue bases? Following a presentation of findings related to these questions will be a discussion of some of their implications with regard to tergeting federal compensatory aid to the ``right`` school districts, schools and students. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 1-12 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In 1984 the wall chart of State Education Statistics broke the historik silence on reporting state-by-state comparisons of students performance. Prior to its release, chief state school officers and the education establishment had been protected from disclosure of poor performance by the states in education. The wall chart, by laying out the facts in straightforward detail, exposed our national shortcomings in education and focused attention on the states where much of education policymaking takes place. This article reports on the history of the wall chart, addresses the criticisms that followed its release, and assesses its impact. It goes on to propose recommendations for improving the usefulness of state-by-state rankings. The insights it offers on designing state education comparisons may be particularly helpful as the nation and states undertake the expansion of the National Assessment of Educational Progress to report on student performance at the state level. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 51-69 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The present time of educational reform and budgetary stringency is a propitious one for improving resource allocation in education through a greater reliance on cost-effectiveness analysis. This article provides a summary of the technique and its applications to educational policy. It concludes that there is great potential for the use of cost-effectiveness applications in education, but there is little capability for doing so among most policymakers. Examples are provided of productive cost-effectiveness applications, and recommendations are made with regard to increasing the capacity of educational evaluators, policy analysts, and decisionmakers to use the tools appropriately for more efficient resource allocation. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Colette M. Escobar, W. Steven Barnett, John E. Keith, Levin, Henry M. , Alan L. Ginsburg, Jay Noell, Valena White Plisko, Martin E. Orland, W. Steven Barnett et al |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 13-22 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | It is difficult to quantify and value many of the benefits of education. This paper illustrates the use of contingent valuation to obtain more complete estimates of the economic value of difficult-to-measure benefits of preschool education for handicapped children and presents a general approach for the use of contingent valuation in cost-benefit analysis of educational programs. Data for the illustration were obtained by surveying parents of children with handicapping conditions enrolled in preschool special education programs in Iowa. The survey was conducted jointly by the Department of Economics and the Early Intervention Research Institute at Utah State University. Results indicated that the contingent valuation method produces plausible results which are consistent with basic predictions of economic theory. Implications for policymaking and directions for further research are discussed. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Theology Digest |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 313-327 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Sanneh examines Nuer religion as a representative facet of religious life, practice, and thought in Africa and as a theological bridge with Jewish and Christian themes. Nuer spirituality, he shows, resonates profoundly with an African-mediated Christianity, and the shift indicated by the Catholic encounter can anticipate and reinforce, without obscuring, Nuer spirituality. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Theology Digest |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 343-352 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Cardinal Dulles begins with an analysis of four levels of the practice of philosophy in relation to theorlogy. He then applies those levels to the function and ministry of priests in combating such current fallacies as pragmatism, agnosticism, relativism, and subjectivism. Particularly in relating to their own parishioners, priests must be able to demonstrate that "even though the contents of faith cannot be proved by reason, the act of faith is fully reasonable." Drawing on the documents of Vatican II and the encyclicals of Pius XII, Paul VI, and John Paul II, the Cardinal urges more stringent attention to philosophical training in our seminaries. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Theology Digest |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 303-311 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | While some think the notion of democracy has no place in the Catholic Church, historian Jay Dolan shows that a democratic ethos has been present in Catholicism for centuries. For American Catholics, he says, the challenge is to claim that heritage in such a way as to be truly American and remain truly Catholic. |
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