| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 41-72 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | East Java is an important economic region in its own right. Its integration into the world economy began in the mid 19th century with the development of plantation exports. However, between the 1920s and the 1970s East Java suffered a 50-year economic hiatus. This paper argues that the hiatus can be explained by structural rigidity, which affected East Java much more than West Java. It analyses foreign and inrerisland trade statistics to chart the decline of the old export base of plantation crops and the slow transition towards a new comparative advantage in manufactures that became manifest in the late 1980s. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 3-40 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | - |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 109-128 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | One important reason the Indonesian government stores rice is to reduce risk for growers who have restricted access to private insurance. It does so to stabilise their real incomes, and to promote rice production with a view to `self-sufficiency`. This paper shows that grower risks are reduced only to the extent that growers` real incomes are linked through taxation to the financial flows of the storage scheme. This is because their real incomes and the financial flows are negatively correlated. Under current arrangements this linkage is negligible, so price stabilisation raises the share of the production risk they face. Recent increases in production are shown to result from larger expected grower profits, and not from reduced risk. In addition to profiting from price stabilisation, growers have benefited from government subsidies on fertiliser, irrigation and plant research, and from increases in the average domestic price of rice through Bulog intervention. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | I Ketut Mardjana, Jones, Chris , Sarwar Hobohm, Howard Dick |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 73-107 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Public enterprise managers will tend to behave as entrepreneurs, strive for efficiency and achieve profitability if they and the government ministry responsible for their supervision have compatible profit objectives. The adoption of such objectives by both parties will help to shift state enterprises away from political influence and towards a strictly market orientation. In contrast, managers will behave as government representatives and adopt a bureaucratic style of management if the government imposes socio-political goals on state enterprises. Agency costs (costs incurred in the relationship between principal and agent) increase as the parties become less cost conscious, and inefficiency tends to be the result. Too great an emphasis on socio-political rather than commercial goals may leave a country facing the problem of a `high-costs` economy. These tendencies are indicated in this study of three Indonesian state enterprises. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 3-35 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Revised estimates of food agriculture output and strong growth in non-oil manufacturing pushed reported economic growth during 1992 to a strong 6.3%, despite a sluggish international economy and fall in oil production. But a largely unexplained stagnation of non-oil and gas exports during the first half of 1993 gives some cause for concern. Imports have remained flat during most earlier fears of a surge in the current account deficit. Falling interest rates are, however, expected to fuel domestic demand, slow down exports and boost imports. The current account deficit may therefore increase later this year. Lower interest rates are expected to result in reduced net capital inflow. Indonesia`s foreign exchange reserves should be more than sufficient to absorb these disturbances. Good rice harvests and increased buffer stock management costs are the main factors explaining Bulog`s continuing failure to maintain farmgate rice prices at intended levels. This adds further weight to arguments in favour of agricultural deregulation. Although interest rates have continued to fall, the state banks have been holding back on new lending, to try to meet increasingly tough prudential banking requirements. Private banks, on the other hand, are rapidly increasing lending, which may suggest growing business confidence. Another such sign in the rapid expansion of activity on the Jakarta Stock Exchange. A considerable fall in foreign direct investment approvals during 1993 has triggered widespread anxiety about Indonesia`s ability to continue to attract foreign capital. For some months, there had been speculation about a new deregulation package which help to woo foreign investors. Such finally announced on 23 October. One complaint of both domestic and foreign investors has been the insecure supply of electricity. Projected economic growth, during Repelita VI will require an enormous expansion of electricity generation capacity, which the state electricity company will not be able to deliver. The involvement of private investors is crucial, but remains stalled by ongoing negotiations on pricing of the output from the first major private power generation project, at Paiton. The policies of Minister Habibie and some of the country`s private conglomerates continue to stir controversy, especially following the release of two World Bank reports which discuss these issues in forthright terms. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 69-94 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Tree crops play an important role in the Indonesian economy. A large share of these crops is grown by smallholders, most of whom have not been assisted in any way by government policies. In order to assess the future potential for tree crops, it would be useful to know what factors determine smallholder tree crop adoption. This paper uses survey data from Sulawesi to assess the role of such factors as education, land ownership and information in explaining the adoption of cocoa, a new tree crop introduced into the region in the late 1970s. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 111-126 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This study uses pooled time series data for wetland rice in Java to analyse the sensitivity of yield and input demand elasticities to differences in the specification of farmers` expectations, in alternative data sources and in the functional forms used in the estimation. The results show that yield and fertiliser input elasticities are less fragile than those of labour demand, which are quite sensitive to data and model specifications. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 95-110 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Vehicle-based taxes are collected by provincial governments in Indonesia and constitute their most important source of locally collected revenue. Thia paper evaluates the structure and revenue performance of the two vehicle-based taxes-- the vehicle registration tax and the vehicle transfer tax-- focusing in particular on their allocative efficiency. This is evaluated in terms of their potential to meet road maintenance resource requirements, and the study finds that objectives other than allocative efficiency have determined the structure of the two taxes. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 127-138 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | - |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Martin Ravallion, Benu Bidani, Martin Klapwijk, Larry Schroeder, Khairul Mahadi, Huei-Huang Wang, T. Kesavan et al, Sofyan Jamal, Marc Pomp, Pierre van der Eng |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 37-68 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | A regional poverty profile can be deceptive if it does not treat people with the same standard of living in different regions the same way. This is particularly important if the profile is being used to guide regional priorities in formulating anti-poverty policies. A new regional poverty profile for Indonesia in 1990 is constructed which tries to assure that the poverty lines used for different regions reflect the same purchasing power over basic consumption needs. A wide range of poverty measures in presented. We also examine some proximate determinants of the regional poverty profile and the regional variation in inequality. |
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