| Nama Pengarang | : | Georg Cremer, Martin Ravallion, Geertz, Clifford, David Evans, Bart van Ark |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 73-86 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This paper examines the Indonesian overseas employment program. It is limited to overseas deployment through the official channels, i.e. organised by licensed labour suppliers and approved by government aouthorities. The main destination of this official labour migration is the Middle East. Indonesian officials have indicated that the government aims to increase overseas employment and to shift deployment from houseworkers to better skilled workers. It is argued in the paper that, in view of a shrinking labour market for migrants, even limited realisation of these hope would depend upon some distinct changes in the overseas employment program. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 3-41 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | - |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 87-106 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This paper analyses the international experience in rural electrification (RE) over the past few decades. The current status of RE is reviewed, and demonstrated benefits are identified. A case study of RE policy analysis in Indonesia is presented. The recommendations should be helpful to decision makers formulating an RE Policy for Indonesia. Finally, some general prerequisites for successful formulation and implementation of an RE strategy are summarised. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 43-57 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Abdoel Raoef Soehoed was born in Jakarta in 1920. After graduating from senior high school in Jakarta in 1939, he studied engineering in Bandung and subsequently graduated after the independence struggle. In 1956 Soehoed, who had become an officer of the Indonesian Air Force, resigned from military service and became an engineering consultant with a private firm. His career as a public servant started with his appoinment as an Advisor to the Senior Minister for Development and Industries. He was then appointed a member of the Technical Committee for Capital Investment, which became the Coordinating Board for Capital Investment (BKPM). Soehoed was made Deputy Chairman of the Board, and head of BKPM`s Division for Promotion of Foreign Capital Investment. In 1976 he was also appointed Chairman of the Asahan Development Authority, a position he still occupies. In 1978, he became Minister of Industry in the Third Development Cabinet (1978-1983) and in May 1983 he was appointed Member of the Supreme Advisory Council. As a forceful and articulate advocate of what has come to be called the structuralistapproachto industrialisation, Soehoed can rightly be considered the prime architect of Indonesia`s current industrial development. On 7 September 1987 he talkedto thee Kian Wie and Hal Hill about his views on the development of Indonesia`s manufacturing sector. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 107-122 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Indonesia`s National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) is a potentially important source of data for econometric modelling of consumer demands. The paper attempts to clarify aspects of the SUSENAS which have not been widely appreciated by past users of the data, particularly concerning its interpretation, internal consistency, and the valuation methods used. Specific issues discussed include price and quality variation, the pricing method for consumption goods, and inconsistencies in the household expenditure aggregates, the quantity units, and the commodity classification. It is argued that these issues have econometric implications for modelling consumer behaviour. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | Devas, Nick...[et al.], Dominique van de Walle, A.R. Soehoed, Mohan Munasinghe, Manning, Chris, Sisira Jayasuriya |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 58-85 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The Indonesian Government has recently completed a major reform of national taxation; an obvious follow-up is the reform of local taxation. Provinces and kabupaten/kotamadya levy a wide range of local taxes, but with the exception of provincial taxes on motor vehicles, these are mostly small, inelastic and costly to collect. In addition, many have undersirable equity and efficiency implications. This paper analyses the present range of local taxes in terms of a set of criteria, and discusses such issues as local fiscal performance, the effect of multiple taxes, and taxation versus charging. The paper concludes with a review of the options for reform aimed not only at simplifying and improving local taxation, but also at reducing local government`s dependence on central government grants. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 73-95 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Analysis of urban developments in Indonesia has been hampered in the past by weak data. Recently, the National Urban Development Strategy (NUDS) project has generated a set of improved data. This paper aims at elaborating and supplementing the NUDS study. After a discussion of definitional problems, an analysis is carried out of urban growth rates at the provincial level. Private investment is shown to be a principal determinant of urban growth rates. Other significant determinants are rural immigration and the present level of urbanisation. Private investment is shown to be strongly biased towards provincies with large urban areas. In addition, polarisation is studied at the level of individual cities. It is found that a period of rapidly increasing polarisation has come to an end during the last decade. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 123-125 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | - |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 3-35 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Events of the last few months give some grounds for optimism that the severe balance of payments problems which have afflicted the Indonesian economy since 1982 are at last being resolved. In August and September non-oil exports exceeded $800 million per month, and there appear to be good reasons for expecting further increases. In the early months of 1988 non-oil exports could well reach $1 billion per month. Although imports are also increasing, their rate of growth has been slower, with the result that the most recent balance of payments projections for 1987/1988 show a current account deficit which is almost one billion dollars lower than that which was projected in the 1987/1988 draft budget. The 1988/1989 draft budget, presented to the DPR in January, estimates that the 1988/1989 current account deficit will be only $645 million. Although this is widely felt to be rather optimistic, it does seem probable that non-oil export growth will be sustained in 1988/1989, and that import groth can be held to a level which will result in a current account deficit of under $1 billion. This should be comfortably financed by concessional aid and private capital inflows. However a number of substantial economic problems remain. The draft 1988/1989 budget revealed the extent of the government`s foreign debt servicing problem, whichhas been aggravated over the last months by the further appreciation against the rupiah of the yen and the major European currencies in which over 60% of the debt is denominated. In 1988/1989 debt repayments of both interest and principal are expected to amount to 37% of total budget expenditures. Faced with this burden, and with pressing needs to increase development expenditures after several years of real decline, the government decided to freeze government salaries1for afurther year. Development spending has been increased by almost 15%, but over 80% of the development budget is now being financed by foreign aid. Program aid, which can be spent in rupiahs, has been considerably increased, and it is hoped that this will ease the problem of rupia counterpart funds which has slowed down aid disbursement in the past year. In spite of the large increase in the size of the budget in 1988/1989 it is most unlikely to have much domestic impact, because so much of the increased expenditure will be devoted to foreign expenditures, mainly in the form of debt repayment. Another problem to besetthe economy in the second part of 1987 was a prolonged dry season which led to a poor second rice harvest, and some pressure on rice prices in the last four months of the year. Bulog seems ready to injects sufficient rice into domestic markets in early 1988 to stabilise prices, even if this means running the national stock down to well under one million tons. There is not expected to be much growth in the foodcrop sector in 1987, and this combined with a probable decline in petroleum production is likely to hold total GDP growth down to under 3% in 1987. A return to faster growth will depend on the extent to which the export momentum can be maintained. A new and wide-ranging package of policy reforms announced on Christmas Eve indicate the government`s serious commitment to improving the regulatory environment for businessmen, especially those who wish to export. Several categories of export licence have been abolished and the facilities offered by the P4BM office within the Ministry of Finance have been widened in scope and made available to a greater range of businesses. There have also been changes in the rules affecting foreign-owned businesses in Indonesia, which go a considerable way towards meeting the objections raised by Japanese business interests in particular. On the import side, there has been a partial deregulation of steel and aluminium imports. Another innovation announced in the December package is the simplification of share market trading procedures, and the establishment of a parallel securities market where new companies can launch share flotations on much easier terms than now prevail. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Bies: Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 37-72 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The object of the paper is to explain the sharp decline in Indonesia`s growth rate since 1981 compared with the period before 1981. It is argued that the slow growth of the later period was mainly due to the net effect of investment, the government`s domestic budget deficit and imports in depressing domestic demand, reflected in turn in a slower growth of money supply. These demand policies were followed to deal with the deteriorating balance of payments situations. Therefore, some alternative policies are suggested for dealing with this situation which will not have adverse effects on economic growth. |
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