| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 208-214 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Under a nine-month state of emergency amid civil war, violence escalated and the human rights situation deteriorated. Dissent over extension of the emergency, and personal aversions between Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba and party president Girija Prasad Koirala, led to a split in the ruling Nepali Congress Party. King Gyanendra dissolved the House of Representatives on the recommendation of the prime minister and called new elections for November 13. Gyanendra dismissed Deuba on October 4, as Deuba proved unable to hold the elections in time. The king assumed executive powers himself, nominated a new council of ministers, and delayed elections for an uncertain time. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 147-155 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In 2002, the Malaysian government underwent significant political consolidation. Despite Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad`s sudden announcement in June of his resignation, he will remain in office until October 2003, after which Deputy Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi will replace him as prime minister. The goverment`s political consolidation derived partly from its war on terrorism, which allowed it to marginalize the mainstream opposition. additionally, opposition parties themselves are in disarray. Economically, the country performed well, and unorthodox measures introduced after the Asian financial crisis have begun to pay off. In foreign affairs, Malaysia achieved good accommodation with the U.S. but suffered from hiccups in its bilateral relations with regional neighbors. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 120-126 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | In 2002, Laos emerged from a period of economic turbulence and political insecurity. The economy showed signs of recovery from the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis. But economists noted some worrying long-term trends. Foreign donors demonstrated their confidence by continuing to provide development assistance. Domestic insurgency appeared on the decline. In February, Laos conducted trouble-free national elections. The Lao government also made some positive adjustments in its treatment of Christian minority groups. Externally, Laos gave priority to reinforcing relations with its immediate neighbors, Vietnam, Thailand, and China. The Lao People`s Democratic Republic (LPDR) is one of the world`s least-developed countries and one of the last remaining socialist states in Asia. During 2002 the one-party regime continued to consolidate its hold on power. Domestic insurgency fell and there was no renewal of the urban bombing attacks that struck Laos in 2000-01. The Lao economy continued to recover from the aftershocks of the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis, although serious structural problems remained. No serious problems emerged in Laos`s external relations. Bilateral relations with Vietnam were further strengthened. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 78-90 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | Japan in 2002 continued to grapple with many of the same economic problems it has faced over the past 10 years, with a familiar lack of success. Although the economy has not imploded, as some feared last year, it is showing few signs of staging a sustained recovery. Prime Minister Koizumi Junichiro remained in office, but almost all of his efforts to reform the moribund economic system were watered down by resistance from affected groups. The foreign policy agenda was dominated by the growing crisis over North Korea`s intensification of its nuclear weapons development program. This crisis cancelled out Koizumi`s earlier progress at normalizing relations with Pyongyang. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 135-146 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | During 2002, communal conflicts abated in Indonesia, the government and rebels in Aceh signed a ceasefire agreement, major economic indicators improved, and a four-year-long constitutional reform process came to a successful conclusion. Yet, serious challenges remain for the country, including rampant corruption, economic weakness, and terrorism. Weak leadership and the fragmentation of political power make concerted action to resolve these problems unlikely before a new government is elected in 2004. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 186-197 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | This article surveys some of the critical events that took place in India in 2002, paying particular attention to India`s uneasy relationship with Pakistan. It also evaluates the significance of internal political developments, such as the significance of state assembly elections and the occurrence of riots in Gujarat. The survey concludes with a brief examination of India`s economic developments. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 25-40 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party defined the policy agenda for 2002. Hu Jintao succeeded Jiang Zemin as Party general secretary but Jiang retained the chairmanship of the Central Military Commission. Politically, the Chinese leadership gave special emphasis to stability, and continued to combat the Falungong and crack down on dissent on the Internet. In the economic sphere, China enjoyed another year of rapid growth and largely complied with the first-year requirements of its WTO membership. Restructuring and regulatory reforms in major industries accelerated. In the face of major worker protests, populism dominated social policy, with greater assistance to the poor and a crusade against tax evasion by the new rich. Major fiscal reforms were implemented. China enjoyed stable relations with the world`s major powers but its ties with North Korea came under strain. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 113-119 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | With its first internationally endorsed local election in decades, first rotational chairmanship of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, and financial assistance pledged from donor countries and multilateral institutions, Cambodia made significant progress in 2002. Prime Minister Hun Sen`s Cambodian People`s Party swept to victory in local elections, but for the first time it will have to share power at the local level. The Royalist FUNCINPEC Party underwent further decline and infighting. Cambodia received $ 615 million in financial pledges from international donors, and economic growth increased by a modest 4.5% to 5%. In February, the United Nations withdrew from negotiations for a trial of surviving leaders of Pol Pot`s regime in the 1970s, but late in the year the possibility of further discussions emerged. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 127-134 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The year 2002 saw a consolidation of power within the ruling State Peace and Democracy Council that resulted in the confidence to free Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest. This resulted almost immediately in a thawing, but certainly not any significant melting, of relations with the international community with respect to Burma (Myanmar). Despite her release, however, Aung San Suu Kyi has not given her approval for any significant non-humanitarian assistance to be given to the government. Positive developments in the reconciliation process are necessary before any significant lifting of sanctions, and thus overall development in the nation, will be possible; to date it appears that this process will be very slow and deliberate and will be undertaken according to the timetable of the government. In the interim, the economy of Burma teeters close to collapse and Burma continues to be the poorest country in the Association for Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Asia overall. Despite these problems, the fact that Burma lies at the crossroads of Asia and is being wooed by China, India, Russia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and several ASEAN members gives the nation recognition beyond its size and economy. The overall future is not clear, but the "Dawn of a New Burma" may be breaking. |
| Nama Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian Survey |
| Volume / Nomor Edisi | : | - |
| Nomor Halaman | : | 222-229 |
| Abstraksi Narasi | : | The year did not bring any improvement in the way government and politics function in Bangladesh. Murder, intimidation, suppression, and harassment of political opponents worsened the atmosphere of vendetta and violence that has marked the country`s politics in the past few decades. To tackle the deteriorating law and order situation, the government called in the army in October. The administration appeared to be adrift, caught in factional feuds within the ruling coalition. There were also signs of dynastic succession within the ruling Bangladesh Nationalist Party. The economy did not register any significant improvements. Relations with Pakistan improved but Indo-Bangladesh relations hit their lowest point in decades. Citizen disenchantment with political leaders continued to grow. |
Unduh Dokumen Berkas PDF Utama