OPAC - Artikel Jurnal & Majalah

Pengarang	:	Kevin J. Randles; S. J. van Enk
Nama Majalah/Jurnal	:	American Journal of Physics
Volume / Edisi	:	93 (No. 9)
Halaman	:	717-723
Abstrak	:	We analyze the interference of individual photons in two overlapping Mach–Zehnder interferometers joined via a common beam splitter. We show how two kinds of interference effects—single-photon Mach–Zehnder interference and two-photon Hong–Ou–Mandel interference—interfere with one another, partially canceling each other out. This configuration illustrates how quantum effects can combine nontrivially and, moreover, emphasizes that quantum interference happens at measurement. This work can serve as a bridge to more advanced quantum mechanical concepts, such as testing the predictions of quantum mechanics vs local realism.

Pengarang	:	Trinh Duc Thien
Nama Majalah/Jurnal	:	American Journal of Physics
Volume / Edisi	:	93 (No. 9)
Halaman	:	714-716
Abstrak	:	The problem of a metal sphere encased in a dielectric shell in a uniform electric field is solved without the use of separation of variables, but instead by using the known solution to the problem of a uniformly polarized sphere. This solution can be understood by students who have learned the superposition principle, Gauss's law, and the uniqueness theorem.

Pengarang	:	Manoj K. Harbola
Nama Majalah/Jurnal	:	American Journal of Physics
Volume / Edisi	:	93 (No. 9)
Halaman	:	706-713
Abstrak	:	Application of the Bohr–Wilson–Sommerfeld quantization condition to a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field requires knowledge of the canonical momentum of such a particle, which in turn requires students to know about the vector potential. The canonical momentum in this situation is conventionally obtained by introducing an appropriate additional term involving the corresponding vector potential in the Lagrangian. In this work, we take a different approach to this problem by analyzing it with Maupertuis's principle of least action. We show that satisfying this principle for a charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field requires that a term proportional to the flux passing through the area enclosed by the particle's trajectory be included in its action. This additional term accomplishes two tasks. First, it facilitates applying the Bohr–Wilson–Sommerfeld quantum condition for a charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field without using the Lagrangian approach, and, second, it gives the appropriate canonical momentum and Lagrangian for a charged particle in a general electromagnetic field in a straightforward manner.

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