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FUNCTIONAL FOODS
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| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 1-1, APRIL (No. 1) |
| Halaman | : | 39-44 |
| Abstrak | : | As we are moving into the 21" century, the world's demand for food is becoming ever greater. In the poorest nations, the lack of availability of food supply leading to micronutrient deficiencies. In contrast, in developed countries, people enjoy a greater varieties and quantity of foods leading to the effect of overnutrition (obesity, heart disease, and cancer). In response, the concept of food is changing from an emphasis on health maintenance to promoting better health by helping to prevent chronic illness. Functional foods are design to help people to reduce their risks of some diseases (by preventing) through readily available, good-tasting diets rather than through the use of curative measures only. The distribution of potential ingredients in functional foods are dietary fiber (40%), calcium (20%), oligosaccharides (20%), lactic acid bacteria (10%) and other (10%). The perspective of Western and Eastern, somehow, are not totally competent. People living in the Eastern hemisphere believe that certain food had a therapeutic benefit. Whereas those living in Western are considered to be more conscious in their health. The food industries and government agencies have the agreement to establish definition and substantiation for functional food. This aims to protect the consumer and build consumer confidence . |
POTENSI DIOSCOREA DALAM PANGAN FUNGSIONAL
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 1-1, APRIL (No. 1) |
| Halaman | : | 29-38 |
| Abstrak | : | Dioscorea merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan umbi yang sangat besar manfaatnya untuk sumber pangan dan industri. Komponen bioaktif yang ada di dalam umbi dioscorea diyakini akan memberikan manfaat bagi pengguna. Umbi Dioscorea berukuran besar dengan kandungan karbohidrat tinggi sehingga banyak digunakan sebagai makanan pokok, mempunyai potensi untuk menurunkan gula darah sehingga dapat dikonsumsi oleh penderita diabetes melitus, kandungan mineral yang lebih besar dibandingkan umbi-umbian lain. Zat antigizi yang ada di dalam umbi adalah inhibitor amilase, tanin dan asam fitat, zat tersebut dapat didekomposisi oleh panas dan air. |
PERANAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DALAM MENGHAMBAT Listeria monocytogenes PADA DAHAN PANGAN
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 1-1, APRIL (No. 1) |
| Halaman | : | 14-28 |
| Abstrak | : | Bakteri asam Jaktat telah digunakan secara luas sebagai pengawet hayati (biopreservatives) untuk menekan dan menghilangkan bakteri patogen dan pembusuk dalam bahan pangan. Kemampuan sebagai pengawet hayati tersebut dihasilkan oleh senyawa-senyawa yang diproduksi bakteri asam laktat yang bersifat antimikrobia terutama bakteriosin, asam-asam organik, dan hidrogen peroksida. Peranan bakteri asam laktat dan senyawa yang dihasilkan sebagai antimikrobia yang banyak diteliti, diantaranya adalah terhadap listeria monocytogenes yang merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen yang sangat potensial menyebabkan keracunan pangan karena mampu tumbuh pada berbagai bahan pangan dan dapat bertahan pada penyimpanan beku. Aplikasi bakteri asam laktat dan senyawa yang dihasilkan untuk menghambat dan mematikan L. monocytogenes telah dilalcukan pada berbagai bahan pangan yaitu pada daging temak dan unggas, sosis, ikan dan pangan asal laut, telur, susu, keju dan sayuran. Penerapan bakteri asam laktat dan senyawa yang dihasilkan sebagai antimikrobia diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kearnanan pangan. |
MINUMAN PROBIOTIK NIRA SIWALAN KAJIAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP DAYA ANTI MIKROBA Lactobacillus casei PADA BEBERAPA BAKTERI PATOGEN
| Pengarang | : | Suseno, Thomas Indarto P,Surjoseputro, Sutarjo,Anita K |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 1-1, APRIL (No. 1) |
| Halaman | : | 1-13 |
| Abstrak | : | Nira siwalan dapat dibuat menjadi minuman probiotik karema memiliki kadar nutrisi yang relatif lengkap. Pada pembuatan minuman probiotik ini nira siwalan ditambah susu skim sebagai sumber Jaktosa dan menamban nutrisi untuk pertumbuhan bakteri Lactobacillus casei. Kultur bakteri yang digunakan unruk membuat minuman probiotik adalah Lactobacillus casei FNCC 0090 NRRL B-1922, untuk menentukan daya anti mikroba minuman probiotik digunakan bakteri patogin dari kultur mumi Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047 IFO 13276, Salmonella ryphi FNCC 0050 IFO 12529 dan Enteropatogenik Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 IFO 3301. Dari penelitian dapat diketahui : penyimpanan minuman probiotik nira siwalan (0, 10, 20 dan 30 hari) pada suhu 5 - 12 °C, berpengaruh nyata pada pH dan total asam, total bakteri asam laktat dan daya hambat L. casei terhadap bakteri patogen Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhii dan Escherichia coli. Daya hambat L. casei terhadap Salmonella typhii lebih besar daripada Escherichia coli, dan kurang mampu menghambat Staphylococcus aureus. |
Quantum description of the asymmetric top using average and relative coordinates in an operator-based formalism
| Pengarang | : | E. Toprak; Dominika Zgid; J. K. Freericks |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 93 (No. 11) |
| Halaman | : | 897-904 |
| Abstrak | : | The quantum asymmetric top is rarely covered in quantum classrooms or textbooks. Yet it is one of the most interesting nontrivial applications of quantum mechanics to spectroscopy. Part of the challenge is the relationship between the lab frame and the body-fixed frame, which is not explained well in currently available treatments. We show how one can solve the quantum dynamics of asymmetric tops in a natural way by working with average and relative degrees of freedom. This allows one to derive all of the operator relationships between the two frames starting from quantum operators rather than relying on results from the classical solution. The derivation also avoids the need to use Euler angles to describe the motion. The solution can then be employed to examine pure rotational spectroscopy, as we illustrate with an example of rotations of the water molecule, which is an asymmetric top. |
Frequency dependence of the displacement current density
| Pengarang | : | Toshio Hyodo |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 93 (No. 11) |
| Halaman | : | 891-896 |
| Abstrak | : | In Maxwell's equations, the electric field can be expressed as the sum of the Coulombic field associated with the electric charge and the induced field associated with the time variation of the magnetic field from Faraday's law. The same holds true for the displacement current densities, which are the time-derivatives of the respective electric fields. In the case of an AC of constant amplitude, the amplitude of the displacement current density associated with the Coulombic field is independent of frequency. In contrast, the displacement current density associated with the induced field is very small at low frequencies, increasing initially as the square of the frequency, and ultimately becomes of the same order of magnitude as that of the Coulombic field. |
A very simple derivation of the periastron advance to all post-Newtonian orders of perturbation in Schwarzschild geometry
| Pengarang | : | Steven A. Balbus |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 93 (No. 11) |
| Halaman | : | 887-890 |
| Abstrak | : | We present an extremely simple derivation of the general relativistic periastron advance for Schwarzschild geometry. The method lends itself to iteration, and so in principle may achieve an arbitrary level of accuracy with relative ease. Our technique involves no analysis of differential equations beyond that of a simple harmonic oscillator. The practical utility of the calculation is limited by its neglect of frame-dragging rotational effects. |
A Lorentz force law with velocity differences
| Pengarang | : | Rinke J. Wijngaarden |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 93 (No. 11) |
| Halaman | : | 881-886 |
| Abstrak | : | The electromagnetic force is given by the Lorentz force law ?. The Lorentz force law, together with Maxwell's equations and the constitutive relations in matter, suffices to analyze any classical electromagnetic phenomenon. This framework has been promoted in introductory physics courses to avoid integral equations such as Faraday's Law, which, in some cases, lead to wrong results. However, mistakes are easily made when applying the Lorentz force law in the presence of magnets that move with respect to each other. For example, it is easy to compute an incorrect polarization for a magnetically permeable rod moving in an external magnetic field. We illustrate how such mistakes may arise, elucidate the underlying cause, and present a new formulation of the Lorentz force law that yields consistently correct results. |
Energy needed to propel a tiny spacecraft to Proxima Centauri
| Pengarang | : | C. J. Umrigar; Tyler A. Anderson |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 93 (No. 11) |
| Halaman | : | 874-880 |
| Abstrak | : | Conventional chemical rockets enable exploration of the entire solar system. However, exploration beyond the solar system on a human time scale requires new technology. The goal of the Breakthrough Starshot project, and one of the goals of the Starlight project, is to send a tiny 2 g spacecraft to the nearest star, Proxima Centauri, propelled by a light sail and powerful Earth-based lasers. We provide simple derivations of two different expressions for the laser energy required to propel the spacecraft, both of which have been published in the literature. One of these expressions is relevant to the mission and the other is not, and we invite the reader to think of the reason before providing the answer. In the appendix of this paper, we point out that one of the formulae in Einstein's amazing 1905 paper is correct only in certain limits, but Einstein fails to mention that. Although Einstein's formula results in a completely negligible error in the energy estimate for the Starshot/Starlight project, it has been incorrectly blamed for the differences in the published energy estimates. |
Matter, interaction, and change: A framework for an integrated approach to teaching introductory physics
| Pengarang | : | Eugene Hecht |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | American Journal of Physics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 93 (No. 11) |
| Halaman | : | 865-873 |
| Abstrak | : | With the development of Relativity Theory and the Standard Model, physics has made great advances in our understanding of its basic concepts. Yet little of that insight has informed modern pedagogy, particularly at the introductory level. Many textbooks, trade books, and journal articles still often refer to force as pushes and pulls, define energy in terms of work, claim that mass is the quantity-of-matter, equate mass and inertia, treat energy and momentum as if they were unrelated, and generally have little to say about what matter is. Based on the foundational perspective that there is matter, it interacts, and that interaction results in physical change, we develop a coordinated and integrated set of conceptual definitions of the primary ideas of matter, interaction, force, energy, inertia, momentum, and mass. |