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Tracking Inequity: An Actionable Approach to Addressing Inequities in Physics Classrooms
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| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 414–418 |
| Abstrak | : | Recent studies reveal people from marginalized groups (e.g., people of color and women) continue to earn physics degrees at alarmingly low rates. This phenomenon is not surprising given reports of the continued perception of physics as a masculine space and the discrimination faced by people of color and women within the field. To realize the vision of an equitable physics education, fully open to and supportive of marginalized groups, teachers need ways of seeing equity as something that is concrete and actionable on an everyday basis. In our work, teachers have found value in intentionally reflecting on their instruction and their students explicitly in terms of race, gender, and other social markers. We find they are then better positioned to build equitable physics classrooms. Without a focus on specific social markers, common obstacles such as color-evasiveness emerge, which obstruct the pursuit of equity in classrooms. |
Fractals on a Benchtop: Observing Fractal Dimension in a Resistor Network
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 410–413 |
| Abstrak | : | Our first experience of dimension typically comes in the intuitive Euclidean sense: a line is one dimensional, a plane is two dimensional, and a volume is three dimensional. However, following the work of Mandelbrot, systems with a fractional dimension, “fractals,” now play an important role in science. The novelty of encountering fractional dimension, and the intrinsic beauty of many fractals, has a strong appeal to students and provides a powerful teaching tool. I describe here a low-cost and convenient experimental method for observing fractal dimension, by measuring the power-law scaling of the resistance of a fractal network of resistors. The experiments are quick to perform, and the students enjoy both the construction of the network and the collaboration required to create the largest networks. Learning outcomes include analysis of resistor networks beyond the elementary series and parallel combinations, scaling laws, and an introduction to fractional dimension. |
DART: Planetary Defense in the Introductory Physics Curriculum
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 406–409 |
| Abstrak | : | The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration–European Space Agency collaborative mission to test the feasibility of defending Earth from a catastrophic asteroid impact by using a spacecraft to deflect the asteroid away from the planet. Launched on Nov. 23, 2021, the DART spacecraft will intercept the binary asteroid 65803 Didymos in late September or early October 2022, colliding (nearly) head-on to modify its motion measurably. |
Five Surprising Facts About Molecules of Water and Air
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 306–307 |
| Abstrak | : | This article presents answers to five questions about molecules of water and air. In Chapter 1 of Volume 1 of The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Richard Feynman suggests that: “If in some cataclysm all scientific knowledge were to be destroyed, and only one sentence passed on to the next generation of creatures, what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe it is the atomic hypothesis … that all things are made of atoms ….” |
A Visit to Kelvinside
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 303–305 |
| Abstrak | : | In the summer of 1978 Sonia and Tom Greenslade paid a visit to the Department of Natural Philosophy of Glasgow University, situated in Kelvinside, a western suburb of the city of Glasgow. Tom had two aims, first to photograph early pieces of physics apparatus, and secondly to learn more about William Thomson, Lord Kelvin. |
Millikan Again
| Pengarang | : | William M. Wehrbein |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 299–302 |
| Abstrak | : | Recognized as one of the most beautiful experiments of all time, the oil drop experiment performed by Robert Millikan and his graduate students (primarily Harvey Fletcher) is a standard in the repertoire of experiments performed by undergraduate physics students. However, “as a teaching lab it does not enjoy a good reputation for three reasons: eyestrain, tedium, and poor, unconvincing results.” Several have attempted to make this experiment more student-friendly by improving the optics and replacing the stopwatch with a computer, replacing the eye with a video camera, and utilizing video analysis tools. Currently available versions of the oil drop apparatus for high school and college students have incorporated a number of these features. On the other hand, others are ready to replace the experiment with interactive computer-based simulations. There is another alternative: Have students analyze pre-recorded videos of the Millikan experiment. Besides the “Millikan Movies” produced at the California State University at Chico, the collection “Physics: CINEMA CLASSICS” (“PCC”) contains the essential nuggets from a Physical Science Study Committee (PSSC) educational film made in 1959 sufficient to compute the elementary electric charge. |
Investigating Students’ Experience of Instructional Videos with the UX Curve Method
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 296–298 |
| Abstrak | : | Instructional videos are commonly used in both remote and in-campus curriculum. In order to investigate students’ experience when learning with online instructional videos, we adapted a method called “UX curve” from the user experience studies in industrial design. In this paper, we introduce the procedure and data processing method of using the UX curve method. We applied the UX curve method in a high school physics class while the students were watching an instructional video of kinematics. The results suggested that the UX curve method is practical, convenient, and effective in collecting students’ real-time experience. |
A Simple Moment of Inertia Measuremen
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 292–295 |
| Abstrak | : | Modern MEMs gyros/accelerometers allow the angular velocity of pendula to be precisely measured and the angular acceleration to be calculated. For a compound pendulum, Ipθ¨=−mgasinθ?, where a is the distance of the center of mass from the pivot, so the moment of inertia Ip of the compound pendulum about the pivot can be simply derived as Ip=−mga/θ¨(θ=π/2) from measurements of the angular acceleration θ¨(θ=π/2) when the pendulum is horizontal. Then mga can be determined by measuring the force and lever arm required to maintain the pendulum in a horizontal position. |
STEM Education of Kinematics and Dynamics Using Arduino
| Pengarang | : | A. Çoban |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 289–291 |
| Abstrak | : | Ever increasing technological progress opens novel opportunities concerning educational activities, and the ability to use the technology effectively is one of the 21st century’s most demanding skills. The Partnership Forum for 21st-Century Skills (P21) states that no organization can achieve satisfying results without using technology and therefore the use of technology particularly in schools should be at the highest level. Some novel teaching methods have recently emerged based on technological developments, such as STEM education, which is based on the integration of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. In this study, the motion of a body connected to a pulley system is analyzed by using an Arduino microprocessor and also related mathematical equations. Arduino is a programming platform on which various electronic elements can be connected. There are various Arduino compatible sensors (sound, light, distance, temperature, etc.) that can be coded for their intended use. Due to its cost effectiveness, this technological instrument can be used as a measurement tool in many physics experiments. In this work, the time-varying data of the position of the moving object is determined using the HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor (see Fig. 1). The HC-SR04 distance sensor can determine the distance of the obstacle from the sensor when the transmitted signal is reflected from an obstacle and returned to the sensor, and the Arduino IDE computer program is used to load the corresponding codes into the Arduino and to retrieve the incoming data. |
An Arduino Investigation of the Temperature Dependence of the Speed of Sound in A
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The Physics Teacher |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 60 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 284–288 |
| Abstrak | : | The determination of the speed of sound in air is a classical experiment, usually performed with a resonance tube apparatus. The measured value can be checked against Eq. (1), which describes the temperature dependence of the speed of sound in dry air. A modern implementation of this speed of sound investigation uses an Arduino Uno microcontroller board, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor, and a DS18B20 temperature sensor. The distance sensor’s transmitter produces a burst of eight ultrasonic rectangular pulses that travel through the air, reflect on an object placed in front at a distance d, and then return to the sensor’s receiver after an echo time t. This Arduino investigation, unfortunately, is harder to perform than one might expect after a first reading of Ref. 1 or 2. In this article we discuss some sources of experimental errors that can complicate this laboratory activity, and we describe some important steps that must be included in the data collection and analysis procedure, in order to obtain successful results every time. |