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Abstrak: We revisit an article, “Perception of the Speech Code” (PSC), published in this journal 50 years ago (Liberman, Cooper, Shankweiler, & Studdert-Kennedy, 1967) and address one of its legacies concerning the status of phonetic segments, which persists in theories of speech today. In the perspective of PSC, segments both exist (in language as known) and do not exist (in articulation or the acoustic speech signal). Findings interpreted as showing that speech is not a sound alphabet, but, rather, phonemes are encoded in the signal, coupled with findings that listeners perceive articulation, led to the motor theory of speech perception, a highly controversial legacy of PSC. However, a second legacy, the paradoxical perspective on segments has been mostly unquestioned. We remove the paradox by offering an alternative supported by converging evidence that segments exist in language both as known and as used. We support the existence of segments in both language knowledge and in production by showing that phonetic segments are articulatory and dynamic and that coarticulation does not eliminate them. We show that segments leave an acoustic signature that listeners can track. This suggests that speech is well-adapted to public communication in facilitating, not creating a barrier to, exchange of language forms.

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Abstrak: Semakin maju ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dewasa ini diikuti majunya prestasi olahraga di dunia, yang menumbuhkan persaingan ketat. Hal ini sering kali menimbulkan gejolak yang kuat terhadap para pelaku olahraga. Gejolak seperti ini seringkali menciptakan peluang untuk menimbulkan penyimpangan-penyimpangan dalam dunia olahraga seperti, munculnya doping, holiganisme, eksploitasi terhadap diri atlet, dan hal-hal lain yang dapat merugikan olahraga secara keseluruhan. Keadaan sepèrti ini mengundang perhatian para pakar keolahragaan untuk mengatasinya. Namun semua itu tidak akan memecahkan masalah selama para pelaku olahraga tidak kembali kepada dasar filsafat yang benar yang terkandung dalam jiwa olahraga. Dalam mengatasi penyalahgunaan obat terlarang (doping), IOC berupaya memberikan cara terbaik untuk menanggulanginya, yaitu melalui program pendidikan pelatih dan atlet. IAAF menyelenggarakan program sertifikasi pelatihan atletik dalam rangka meningkatkan penguasaan pelatih terhadap bidang pelatihan secara terstruktur. Bertitik tolak dari hal tersebut muncullah ungkapan "Pertama Atlet, Kedua menang" yang merupakan hal mendasar dan perlu ditanamkan kepada seluruh peserta olahraga terutama pelatih olahraga pada umumnya. Ditanamkannya ungkapan tersebut diharapkan para pelatih mampu mengemban perannya sebagai orang yang berpengaruh terhadap atlet secara integral dengan wawasan perkembangan atlet sebagai faktor terpenting yang harus diutamakan.

Abstrak: Merit promotion policies that require students to post passing scores on standardized tests or be retained in grade have become widespread. In this study, the author used a cultural sociological perspective to examine how teachers and students at two urban high schools enacted a distrcit-wide merit promotion policy. Findings indicate that rather than compelling teachers and students to remedy school failure academically, the policy facilitated a type of moral boundary work that distinguished "deserving" students from those deemed "underserving." Moral boundaries were manifest in classroom practices that limited the learning opportunities provided to demoted students. The study extends research on merit promotion by illuminating how such policies operate in urban high schools as both resources for students' identity construction and as mechanisms of social exclusion.

Abstrak: Sejak tahun Masehi 2020 muncul pada tanggal 1 Januari hingga bulan Mei 2020, bisa dikatakan bahwa semua agama di Indonesia sudah menjalankan peringatan hari-hari besar keagamaannya.

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Abstrak: Seren Taun is a ritual ceremony and celebration, which is practiced in West Java by the Sundanese. It is similar to Thanksgiving in many countries. The village Cigugur, located 3 km west of Kuningan, is the focus of the paper, because the Seren Taun celebration there has been a major event and received a lot of attention from the media, government, and scholars. Many non-Javanese traditional celebrations were repressed during the Suharto era and traditional beliefs were either also repressed or co-opted into one of the five official religions. During the post-Suharto era, the spirit of reformation has brought diversity of more than 300 ethnic groups onto the surface. With the aim to preserve and maintain the tradition of Seren Taun, but as well as to preserve the identity and collective memory of the community, Djatikusumah, chairman of PACKU, has in these recent years developed several policies, concerning traditional art performances, buildings/sites used for ceremonies, and the batik motives that were taken from woodcarvings in the Paseban hall. This paper will explore the intersection between the role of Djatikusumah as an agency and the culture industry he invented.