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Antigen untuk Metode Serologi Deteksi Antibodi Anti-HIV
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| Pengarang | : | Ika Puspita Dewi |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | CDK Cermin dunia kedokteran |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 45 (No. 9) |
| Halaman | : | 665-668 |
| Abstrak | : | HIV can be diagnosed with varieties of the methods. Various serological test methods such as EIA have been developed from the first to the fourth generation to rapid test to detect anti-HIV antibody. Pathogen-specific antibodies can be detected by using a specific antigen derived from the pathogen. Antigens may originate from either isolated proteins or recombinant proteins, and or use either recombinant or synthetic peptides. |
Hubungan Kadar Kholesterol High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Serum dengan Framingham Stroke Risk Score pada Penduduk Kecamatan Sekarbela Mataram
| Pengarang | : | Rohmatul Hajiriah Nurhayati, Herpan Syafii Harahap, Muhammad Rizki |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | CDK Cermin dunia kedokteran |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 45 (No. 9) |
| Halaman | : | 661-663 |
| Abstrak | : | Stroke was a major cause of disability and death in the world. Decreased serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was the risk factor for ischemic stroke. A cross sectional descriptive study was done on 55 subjects in Sekarbela Subdistrict Mataram to determine the relationship between HDL cholesterol level with Framingham stroke risk score. Low HDL cholesterol serum was found in 56.36% subjects, mostly women. The mean systolic blood pressure of subjects was 143.47 ± 25.54 mmHg. Diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, left ventricular hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation prevalences are low. The community in Sekarbela Subdistrict had low stroke risk (10,415%). No significant relationship between high density lipoprotein cholesterol level with Framingham stroke risk score (p>0,05). |
Karakteristik Pasien Gagal Jantung di RS BUMN di Kota Malang
| Pengarang | : | Erdo Puncak Sidarta, Vidyawati, Djanggan Sargowo |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | CDK Cermin dunia kedokteran |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 45 (No. 9) |
| Halaman | : | 657-660 |
| Abstrak | : | A descriptive observational study with purposive sampling was done at BUMN hospital in Malang city. Data were collected from interview, clinical examination, and diagnostics on 33 patients diagnosed as heart failure in ER by cardiologist from February 2017 to October 2017. Results: Of all 33 patients recorded, 19 (57.6%) were men, dominant age group was <60 years old (17/33 - 51.5%). The largest source of funding is government insurance (BPJS) (27/33 - 82%). Previous heart disease found in 24/33 patients (72.7%), 14/33 patients (42.4%) had smoking history, 7/33 patients (21.2%) had history of alcohol consumption, 10/33 patients (30.3%) had diabetes mellitus, and 20/33 patients (60.6%) had family history of heart failure. Rehospitalization within <6 months was in 10/33 patients (30,3%). The most common cause of heart failure was dilated cardiomyopathy (13/33 - 39.4%); 15/33 (45.4%) came with NYHA III. Most patients had peripheral edema (22/33 - 66.7%). Cardiomegaly findings in chest x-ray was in 31/33 patients (93.9%) and 28/33 patients (84.9%) had sinus rhythm in electrocardiogram. On echocardiography, 17/33 (51.5%) had an ejection fraction of ≥40%. Conclusion: The majority of respondents were male, less than 60 years old, and dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of heart failure. |
Status Imunitas Anak dengan Anemia Defisiensi Besi
| Pengarang | : | Krisnarta Sembiring, Bidasari Lubis, Nelly Rosdiana, Selvi Nafianti, Olga Rasiyanti Siregar |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | CDK Cermin dunia kedokteran |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 45 (No. 9) |
| Halaman | : | 653-655 |
| Abstrak | : | Iron deficiency anemia is the most frequent disease caused by nutritional deficiency worldwide. Children with iron deficiency anemia suffer from various immunity impairments, including nonspecific, cellular, and humoral immunity; increasing their vulnerability to infection. Iron deficiency anemia along with infection will aggravate negative impacts toward children’s health status. |
Procalcitonin Level is Correlated with Community Pneumonia Severity
| Pengarang | : | Doharjo Manullang, EN Keliat, Alwinsyah Abidin |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | CDK Cermin dunia kedokteran |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 45 (No. 9) |
| Halaman | : | 647-651 |
| Abstrak | : | Procalcitonin (PCT) is a peptide consisting of 116 amino acids released by thyroid C cells in very low concentrations (<0.05 ng/mL). Microbial infection will increase the expression of CALC - 1 gene causing release of PCT from cells. A cross-sectional research was done on 60 patients with community pneumonia (July 2011 to June 2013) in Department of Internal Medicine, H.Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, consist of 33 men, 27 women, age 52.47±13.31 years. The objective is to determine the correlation between procalcitonin levels and severity of community pneumonia. The results were the percentage of PCT class I 18.3%, class II 8.3%, class III 16.7%, and class IV 56.7%; 41.7% have PSI scores ≤90, which are 25% have PSI score 91-130 and 33.3% have PSI score >130. There is a statistically significant correlation between PCT levels and severity of community pneumonia (p =0.0001 somers’d test) |
A Continuous Integral Model for White Blood Cell Production
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Siam Journal On Applied Mathematics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 82 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 2111-2130 |
| Abstrak | : | Production of blood cells is a complex and tightly regulated process. Its quantitative understanding is highly relevant for the treatment of various diseases, including blood cancers. White blood cells (WBCs) originate from the so-called hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) population. HSCs give rise to immature WBCs that divide and further differentiate into mature cells. It is still a matter of debate whether cell differentiation resembles a discrete or a continuous process. We propose a novel continuous integral model (CIM) to describe WBC production. In agreement with recent experimental results, the maturity level of cells is described by a one-dimensional continuous variable. The process of maturation is modeled by an integral term that accounts for the influx of cells of maturity level ???? from the differentiation of cells with lower maturity levels. In the model, cell proliferation and differentiation are controlled by a feedback signal which is a function of the mature cell population. We investigate the relationships between the proposed CIM, the multicompartment ordinary differential equations model introduced in [A. Marciniak-Czochra et al., Stem Cells Dev., 18 (2009), pp. 377–385] which treats differentiation as a discrete process, and the partial differential equations model of transport type studied by Doumic et al. [SIAM J. Appl. Math., 71 (2011), pp. 1918–1940] which describes differentiation as a continuous process. We show that both models can be derived from the CIM and we perform numerical simulations to compare them qualitatively. |
Near-Collision Dynamics in a Noisy Car-Following Model
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Siam Journal On Applied Mathematics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 82 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 2080-2110 |
| Abstrak | : | We consider a small stochastic perturbation of an optimal velocity car-following model. We give a detailed analysis of behavior near a collision singularity. We show that collision is impossible in a simplified model without noise and then show that collision is asymptotically unlikely over large time intervals in the presence of small noise, with the large time interval scaling like the square of the reciprocal of the strength of the noise. Our calculations depend on careful boundary-layer analyses. |
Minimal Object Characterizations Using Harmonic Generalized Polarizability Tensors and Symmetry Groups
| Pengarang | : | P. D. Ledger |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Siam Journal On Applied Mathematics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 82 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 2057-2079 |
| Abstrak | : | We introduce a new type of object characterization, which is capable of accurately describing small isolated inclusions for potential field inverse problems such as in electrostatics, magnetostatics, and related low frequency Maxwell problems. Relevant applications include characterizing ferrous unexploded ordnance from magnetostatic field measurements in magnetometry, describing small conducting inclusions for medical imaging using electrical impedance tomography, performing geological ground surveys using electrical resistivity imaging, characterizing objects by electrosensing fish to navigate and identify food, and describing the effective properties of dilute composites. Our object characterization builds on the generalized polarizability tensor (GPT) object characterization concept and provides an alternative to the contracted GPT. We call the new characterizations harmonic GPTs (HGPTs) as their coefficients correspond to products of harmonic polynomials. Then, we show that the number of independent coefficients of HGPTs needed to characterize objects can be significantly reduced by considering the symmetry group of the object and propose a systematic approach for determining the subspace of symmetric harmonic polynomials that is fixed by the group and its dimension. This enables us to determine the independent HGPT coefficients for different symmetry groups. |
Epidemics from the Eye of the Pathogen
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Siam Journal On Applied Mathematics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 82 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 2008-2035 |
| Abstrak | : | While a common trend in disease modeling is to develop models of increasing complexity, it was recently pointed out that outbreaks appear remarkably simple when viewed in the incidence vs. cumulative cases (ICC) plane. This article details the theory behind this phenomenon by analyzing the stochastic Susceptible, Infected, Recovered (SIR) model in the cumulative cases domain. We prove that the Markov chain associated with this model reduces, in the ICC plane, to a pure birth chain for the cumulative number of cases, whose limit leads to an independent increments Gaussian process that fluctuates about a deterministic ICC curve. We calculate the associated variance and quantify the additional variability due to estimating incidence over a finite period of time. We also illustrate the universality brought forth by the ICC concept on real-world data for Influenza A and for the COVID-19 outbreak in Arizona. |
Large Deviations for Additive Functionals of Reflected Jump-Diffusions
| Pengarang | : | - |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Siam Journal On Applied Mathematics |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 82 (No. 6) |
| Halaman | : | 2008-2035 |
| Abstrak | : | We consider a jump-diffusion process on a bounded domain with reflection at the boundary and establish long-term results for a general additive process of its path. This includes the long-term behavior of its occupation time in the interior and on the boundaries. We derive a characterization of the large deviation rate function which quantifies the rate of exponential decay of probabilities of rare events for paths of the process. The characterization relies on a solution of a partial integro-differential equation with boundary constraints. We develop a practical implementation of our results in terms of a numerical solution for the PIDE. We illustrate the method on a few standard examples (Brownian motion, birth-death processes) and on a particular jump-diffusion model arising from applications to biochemical reactions. |