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Moderating effects of perceived language discrimination on mental health outcomes among Chinese international students.
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| Pengarang | : | Wei, Meifen; Liang, Ya-Shu; Du, Yi; Botello, Raquel; Li, Chun-I. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian American Journal of Psychology |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 6 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 213-222 |
| Abstrak | : | The purpose of this study was to test whether self-esteem and social connectedness (SC) in the ethnic community and mainstream society would be moderators that buffer the associations between perceived language discrimination (PLD) and outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms). A total of 201 Chinese international students participated in an online survey. Three hierarchical regressions were conducted to examine the 2-way interaction effects, followed by a simple effects analysis to explore the nature of the interaction effects. Our results suggested 3 sets of significant moderation effects in the present study. First, a higher level of self-esteem buffered the strength of the positive associations of PLD with depression and anxiety (but not posttraumatic stress symptoms). Second, a higher level of ethnic SC buffered the strength of the positive association of PLD with depression (but not anxiety and posttraumatic stress symptoms). Third, a higher level of mainstream SC buffered the strength of the positive associations of PLD with depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Moreover, PLD significantly accounted for an incremental 7%, 8%, and 16% of the variance in predicting depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms, respectively, after controlling for perceived language proficiency. |
Racial identity profiles of Asian-White biracial young adults: Testing a theoretical model with cultural and psychological correlates.
| Pengarang | : | Chong, Vanessa; Kuo, Ben C. H. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian American Journal of Psychology |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 6 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 203-212 |
| Abstrak | : | Although the biracial population is expected to grow at astonishing rates in the upcoming decades across North America, rigorous quantitative psychological research on biracial identity is currently scarce. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine biracial identity profiles in a large sample of Asian-White biracial young adults (n = 330; aged 18–30) living in the United States and Canada, as well as assess the interrelationships among biracial identity and psychological adjustment variables. Grounded in the expanded theoretical model of Multiracial Heritage Awareness and Personal Affiliation (M-HAPA: Choi-Misailidis, 2004) and its corresponding biracial identity measure, cluster analysis was conducted to evaluate participants’ ‘patterns’ or ’profiles’ of scores on biracial identity orientation subscales. Three unique biracial identity groups emerged: the Asian-White Integrated, the Asian Dominant, and the White Dominant groups. Between-groups differences on participants’ measures of cultural socialization, psychological distress, and internalized oppression were analyzed and compared. The Asian-White Integrated group reported more cultural socialization than the other 2 groups. Furthermore, Asian Dominant participants showed the highest levels of psychological distress, whereas White Dominant participants showed the highest levels of internalized oppression among all groups. The results lend empirical support to the study’s hypotheses and the M-HAPA model. Theoretical, conceptual, and methodological implications for future biracial identity research are discussed. |
Associations among perceived provider cultural sensitivity, trust in provider, and treatment adherence among predominantly low-income Asian American patients.
| Pengarang | : | |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian American Journal of Psychology |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 7 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 295-304 |
| Abstrak | : | Studies have consistently shown that Asian Americans’ rate of health-service utilization and treatment adherence is very low relative to other racial/ethnic groups. Asian Americans are also more likely than their European American counterparts to experience unfairness and discrimination in health care and to express lower trust in their health-care providers. This study examined the associations among Asian American patients’ perceived provider cultural sensitivity, trust in provider, and treatment adherence. Study participants included 63 predominantly low-income Asian Americans recruited in a national study on patient-centered culturally sensitive health care. Data in this study were collected via self-report questionnaires. Pearson correlations revealed that Asian American patients’ perceived provider cultural sensitivity was associated significantly and positively with treatment adherence. Moreover, mediation analysis revealed that Asian American patients’ trust in their providers served as a positive mediator of the relation between patient-perceived provider cultural sensitivity and treatment adherence. The results of this study have implications for promoting patient-centered culturally sensitive health care among Asian American patients. |
Uniform Correlation Mixture of Bivariate Normal Distributions and Hypercubically Contoured Densities That Are Marginally Normal
| Pengarang | : | Kai Zhang |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The American Statistician |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 68 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 183-187 |
| Abstrak | : | The bivariate normal density with unit variance and correlation ρ is well known. We show that by integrating out ρ, the result is a function of the maximum norm. The Bayesian interpretation of this result is that if we put a uniform prior over ρ, then the marginal bivariate density depends only on the maximal magnitude of the variables. The square-shaped isodensity contour of this resulting marginal bivariate density can also be regarded as the equally weighted mixture of bivariate normal distributions over all possible correlation coefficients. This density links to the Khintchine mixture method of generating random variables. We use this method to construct the higher dimensional generalizations of this distribution. We further show that for each dimension, there is a unique multivariate density that is a differentiable function of the maximum norm and is marginally normal, and the bivariate density from the integral over ρ is its special case in two dimensions. |
Associations among perceived provider cultural sensitivity, trust in provider, and treatment adherence among predominantly low-income Asian American patients.
| Pengarang | : | Parks, Sarah J.; Yoo, Hyung Chol. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian American Journal of Psychology |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 7 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 295-304 |
| Abstrak | : | Studies have consistently shown that Asian Americans’ rate of health-service utilization and treatment adherence is very low relative to other racial/ethnic groups. Asian Americans are also more likely than their European American counterparts to experience unfairness and discrimination in health care and to express lower trust in their health-care providers. This study examined the associations among Asian American patients’ perceived provider cultural sensitivity, trust in provider, and treatment adherence. Study participants included 63 predominantly low-income Asian Americans recruited in a national study on patient-centered culturally sensitive health care. Data in this study were collected via self-report questionnaires. Pearson correlations revealed that Asian American patients’ perceived provider cultural sensitivity was associated significantly and positively with treatment adherence. Moreover, mediation analysis revealed that Asian American patients’ trust in their providers served as a positive mediator of the relation between patient-perceived provider cultural sensitivity and treatment adherence. The results of this study have implications for promoting patient-centered culturally sensitive health care among Asian American patients. |
Applying Bootstrap Methods to System Reliability
| Pengarang | : | Christopher E. Marks |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The American Statistician |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 68 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 174-182 |
| Abstrak | : | We present a fully enumerated bootstrap method to find the empirical system lifetime distribution for a coherent system modeled by a reliability block diagram. Given failure data for individual components of a coherent system, the bootstrap empirical system lifetime distribution derived here will be free of resampling error. We further derive distribution-free expressions for the bias associated with the bootstrap method for estimating the mean system lifetimes of parallel and series systems with statistically identical components. We show that bootstrapping underestimates the mean system lifetime for parallel systems and overestimates the mean system lifetime for series systems, although both bootstrap estimates are asymptotically unbiased. The expressions for the bias are evaluated for several popular parametric lifetime distributions. Supplementary materials for this article are available online. |
Does endorsement of the model minority myth relate to anti-Asian sentiments among White college students? The role of a color-blind racial attitude.
| Pengarang | : | Parks, Sarah J.; Yoo, Hyung Chol. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian American Journal of Psychology |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 7 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 287-294 |
| Abstrak | : | Few empirical studies have examined how endorsing the model minority myth shapes racial attitudes and behaviors of White Americans. The present study examined the mediational role of a color-blind racial attitude in the relations between endorsement of the model minority myth (i.e., comparative success attributed to achievement orientation and unrestricted mobility) and anti-Asian sentiments (i.e., endorsing perpetual foreigner stereotype and unfavorable attitudes toward Asian Americans) among a sample of 173 White American college students. Results suggested Whites who endorsed the model minority myth attributed to unrestricted mobility (though not achievement orientation) were more likely to treat Asian Americans as perpetual foreigners and hold unfavorable racial attitudes toward Asian Americans. Furthermore, a color-blind racial attitude mediated these relationships explaining why endorsement of the model minority myth attributed to unrestricted mobility may be related to increased anti-Asian sentiments. In particular, endorsement of the model minority myth attributed to unrestricted mobility by White college students positively correlated with their color-blind racial attitude, which in turn, positively correlated with both anti-Asian sentiment outcome variables. Implications of results for counseling and further research are discussed. |
Big 5 personality and subjective well-being in Asian Americans: Testing optimism and pessimism as mediators.
| Pengarang | : | Lui, P. Priscilla; Rollock, David; Chang, Edward C.; Leong, Frederick T. L.; Zamboanga, Byron L. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian American Journal of Psychology |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 7 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 274-286 |
| Abstrak | : | Understanding Asian Americans’ lives and challenges would be enhanced by examining group-specific contributors to subjective well-being (SWB). The components and predictors of SWB, as well as other dimensions of positive psychology, are understudied in mainstream psychological and Asian American literatures. The present study addressed this gap in the literature by (a) exploring multiple domains of SWB—hedonic, eudaimonic, social, physical, and financial well-being; (b) examining joint and distinct influences of Big 5 personality traits and outcome expectancies; and (c) considering experiences that foster life flourishing among Asian Americans. Asian American college freshmen (N = 456; 55.56% women; Mage = 17.95 years) completed self-report measures assessing their Big 5 personality tendencies, optimism and pessimism, and SWB. Confirmatory factor analytic findings supported the notion that SWB could be conceptualized as comprised of 5 distinct but related domains. Confirmatory factor analyses also indicated that optimism and pessimism were partially independent constructs. Structural equation models indicated that extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness were stronger predictors for domains of SWB than optimism or pessimism. Optimism partially mediated the relationships between extraversion and eudaimonic well-being as well as between neuroticism and physical well-being. Pessimism did not mediate the personality–SWB linkage. Results highlight the predictive impact of personality traits on SWB. Findings also illuminate indirect pathways of these influences through optimistic expectancies for personality and SWB domains, but unexpectedly not through pessimistic expectancies. Cultural considerations underlying these patterns, limitations, and future directions are discussed. |
On a Simple Construction of a Bivariate Probability Function With a Common Marginal
| Pengarang | : | Djilali Ait Aoudia |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | The American Statistician |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 68 (No. 3) |
| Halaman | : | 170-173 |
| Abstrak | : | We introduce a family of bivariate discrete distributions whose members are generated by a decreasing mass function p, and with margins given by p. Several properties and examples are obtained, including a family of seemingly novel bivariate Poisson distributions. |
Parent–child closeness and acculturation in predicting racial preference in mate selection among Asian Americans.
| Pengarang | : | Sklar, Quyen T.; Pak, Jenny H.; Eltiti, Stacy. |
| Nama Majalah/Jurnal | : | Asian American Journal of Psychology |
| Volume / Edisi | : | 7 (No. 4) |
| Halaman | : | 265-273 |
| Abstrak | : | This study examined the relationship between parent–child emotional closeness along with acculturation in terms of behaviors and values in predicting racial preference in mate selection among Asian Americans. An online questionnaire comprising the Parent Adolescent Communications Scale, Relational Closeness Inventory, Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale, Asian Values Scale–Revised, Self-Construal Scale, and a scale used to assess personal openness and general attitudes toward interracial relationships were completed by 154 Asian American young adults. Results indicated that behavioral acculturation and parent–child relational closeness significantly added to the prediction of racial preference in mate selection while values acculturation approached significance. Moreover, there were no significant moderating effects between parent–child relational closeness and values acculturation or behavioral acculturation on racial preference in mate selection. Results from this study suggested the importance of considering implicit ways the quality of parent–child relationships influences Asian Americans’ racial preference in mate selection and the possible values conflicts that may arise in working with interracial couples and Asian American young adults. |